Peran Penyuluh dalam Pengembangan Kelompok Wanita Tani di Kabupaten Bantul

Siti Fatonah, Prof. Dr. Ir. Sunarru Samsi Hariadi, MS; Prof. (ret.) Krishna Agung Santosa, Ph.D.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Penyuluhan dan Komunikasi Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis peran penyuluh dalam pengembangan kelompok wanita tani (KWT), 2) menganalisis pengaruh faktor personal anggota kelompok wanita tani dan faktor peran penyuluh dalam pengembangan kelompok wanita tani. Faktor personal anggota kelompok wanita tani yang diteliti adalah motivasi anggota terlibat dalam kegiatan kelompok, partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan kelompok, dan nilai kerja wanita. Faktor peran penyuluh difokuskan pada peran penyuluh sebagai edukator, fasilitator, dan motivator. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 27 kelompok wanita tani yang tersebar pada 6 kapanewon di tiga bentang wilayah Kabupaten Bantul yaitu dataran tinggi (Kapanewon Dlingo dan Kapanewon Piyungan), dataran rendah (Kapanewon Kasihan dan Kapanewon Jetis), dan kawasan pesisir (Kapanewon Kretek dan Kapanewon Sanden). Pengelompokan bentang wilayah dilakukan secara stratified random sampling, sedangkan pemilihan kapanewon dan kelompok wanita tani dilakukan secara simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode dasar deskriptiif analitik. Total responden sebanyak 157 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran penyuluh sebagai edukator dan motivator dalam pengembangan kelompok wanita tani berada pada kategori kadang-kadang sebesar 54,41?n 46,28%, sedangkan peran penyuluh sebagai fasilitator sebesar 36,79?lam kategori jarang. Pengembangan kelompok wanita tani dilihat dari peningkatan kelompok dalam menjalankan fungsinya sebagai kelas belajar, unit produksi, dan wahana kerjasama. Tingkat pengembangan kelompok wanita tani sebagai kelas belajar dalam kategori kadang-kadang sebesar 43,09%, sedangkan pengembangan kelompok wanita tani sebagai unit produksi dan wahana kerjasama dalam kategori jarang sebesar 39,60?n 29,98%. Data yang dianalisis dengan SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) menyatakan secara bersama-sama faktor personal anggota kelompok wanita tani (motivasi anggota terlibat dalam kegiatan kelompok, partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan kelompok, dan nilai kerja wanita) serta faktor peran penyuluh (edukator, fasilitator, dan motivator) berpengaruh nyata dalam pengembangan kelompok wanita tani dalam menjalankan fungsinya sebagai kelas belajar, unit produksi, dan wahana kerjasama.

The research aims to 1) analyze the role of extension workers in the development of farm women's groups (KWT), 2) analyze the influence of personal factors on farm women's group members, and the role of extension workers in the development of farm women's groups. The personal factors of farm women group members studied are the motivation of members involved in group activities, participation of members in group activities, and the value of women's work. The role factor of extension workers focused on the role of extension workers as educators, facilitators, and motivators. This research was conducted on 27 farmer women groups spread across 6 kapanewon in three landscapes of Bantul Regency, namely the highland area (Kapanewon Dlingo and Kapanewon Piyungan), the lowland area (Kapanewon Kasihan and Kapanewon Jetis), and the coastal area (Kapanewon Kretek and Kapanewon Sanden). The grouping of landscapes was done by stratified random sampling, while the selection of kapanewon and farm women's groups was done by simple random sampling. This research uses a quantitative approach and the analytic descriptive basic method. Total respondents were 157 people by using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that the role of extension workers as educators and motivators in the development of farm women's groups was in the occasional category at 54.41% and 46.28%, while the role of extension workers as facilitators was 36.79% in the rare category. The development of farm women's groups is seen in the increase in groups carrying out their functions as learning class units, production units, and cooperation units. The level of development of farm women's groups as a unit of learning classes in the occasional category amounted to 43.09%, while the development of farm women's groups as production units and cooperation units in the rare category amounted to 39.60% and 29.98%, respectively. Data analyzed by SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) stated that the personal factors of farm women group members (motivation of members involved in group activities, participation of members in group activities, and the value of women's work) and the role of extension agents (educator, facilitator, and motivator) have a significant effect on the development of farm women groups in carrying out their functions as learning classes, production units, and cooperation units.

Kata Kunci : Peran Penyuluh, Pengembangan, Kelompok Wanita Tani, Faktor Personal