Pengaruh filler kapur padaman terhadap karakteristik campuran beton aspal menggunakan batu granit Tanjung Pinang berdasarkan uji marshall

SAAT, A, Ir. H. Suprapto Totomihardjo, MSc

2004 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Propinsi Riau mengalami kekurangan agregat untuk campuran beton aspal sehingga granit dari Tanjung Pinang digunakan sebagai agregat pengganti campuran beton aspal. Batu granit merupakan jenis batuan intrusif secara kimia memiliki kandungan silika yang cukup tinggi dan bersifat asam dan aspal juga bersifat asam, maka campuran beton aspal yang menggunakan batuan granit diduga memiliki ikatan yang lamah dan akan mengakibatkan rendahnya nilai stabilitas campuran. Kombinasi filler debu batu granit dengan filler kapur padaman diduga dapat meningkatkan nilai stabilitas campuran beton aspal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh filler kapur padaman terhadap karakteristik campuran beton aspal menggunakan batu granit Tanjung Pinang berdasarkan uji Marshall. Mengacu kepada spesifikasi Departemen Kimpraswil 2000. Benda uji dibuat kadar filler menurut spesifikasi, sebahagian diganti dengan filler kapur padaman dengan variasi : (1) 0%:100%; (2) 25%:75%; (3) 50%:50%; (4) 75%:25% dan (5) 100%:0% pada masing-masing kadar filler dibuat variasi kadar aspal : 4,5%; 5,0%; 5,5%; 6,0% dan 6,5%. Benda uji terdiri dari benda uji tebal non standar (t ≠ 63,5 mm) dan benda uji tebal standar (t = 63,5 mm). Pada kedua benda uji dilakukan pengujian dengan alat Marshall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benda uji tebal non standar dan benda uji tebal standar masih dapat memenuhi kadar aspal optimum (KAO), terkecuali pada variasi 0%:100% benda uji tebal non standar tidak didapatkan nilai VITM yang memenuhi persyaratan dan semakin banyak prosentase filler kapur padaman menunjukkan nilai KAO yang didapat semakim besar. Pengaruh filler kapur padaman terhadap karakteristik Marshall menunjukkan bahwa benda uji tebal non standar memilki rentang nilai KAO yang lebih lebar dari benda uji tebal standar, semakin banyak prosentase filler kapur padaman nilai density, VFWA, stabilitas, flow dan MQ semakin rendah, sedangkan nilai VMA dan VITM semakin tinggi. Pengujian durabilitas menunjukkan bahwa kapur filler padaman dapat meningkatkan indek kekuatan sisa stabilitas Marshall dan semakin banyak prosentase filler kapur padaman nilai indek kekuatan sisa stabilitas semakin tinggi. Pengaruh tebal benda uji menunjukkan bahwa nilai stabilitas dan MQ memberikan pengaruh yang besar dan menunjukkan koreksi tebal benda uji non standar menjadi benda uji tebal standar dapat meningkatkan nilai stabilitas dan nilai MQ, Karakteristik Marshall menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh prosentase filler kapur padaman pada variasi 25%:75%; 50%:50%; 75%:25% dan 100%:0% pada umumnya memiliki perbedaan nilai kecil dan pada variasi 0%:100% memiliki perbedaan nilai yang signifikan. Setelah pemadatan campuran mengalami degradasi pada campuran beton aspal dengan menggunakan batu granit Tanjung Pinang. Variasi filler debu batu berbanding filler kapur padaman yang direkomendasikan adalah 25%:75% dan 50%:50%.

There is lack of aggregates for asphalt concrete mixture in Riau Province, so granite from Tanjung Pinang was used as substitutes aggregates of asphalt concrete mixture. Granite represent a type of intrusif rock in which chemically has a high content of silica and with acid characteristic while asphalt also has an acid characteristic. As the results, the mixture of asphalt concrete using granite assumed to had a weak adhesion and hence resulted in the low of mixed stability value. Granite dust filler combinated with hydrated lime filler assumed may improve the stablity value of asphalt concrete mixture. The reseach conducted to examine the influences of hydrated lime filler into the characteristic of asphalt concrete mixture using the granite obtained from Tanjung Pinang based on Marshall test, conformed with the 2000 specifications of Kimpraswill Department. Specimen made of filler content according to specification , partly changed by decreasing content of hydrated lime filler at the variation of : (1) 0%:100%; (2) 25%:75%; (3) 50%:50%; (4) 75%:25% and (5) 100%:0%. At each variation of comparison filler was then made sample by asphalt content : 4,5%; 5,0%; 5,5%; 6,0% and 6,5%. Specimen consisted of the non standard thickness specimen (t ≠ 63,5 mm) and standard thickness specimen (t = 63,5 mm). Both of specimen conducted the examination through the Marshall test apparatus. Result of researched indicates that non standard and standard thickness specimen admit of to fulfill the Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC), except on the variation of 0%:100% for the non standard specimen there were no Void In Total Mix (VITM) value which fulfill the requirements. The greater the percentage of hydrated lime filler showed the bigger OAC value. The influences of hydrated lime filler into Marshall characteristics showed that non standard thickness specimen had the wider range value of OAC than standar thickness specimen. The bigger the percentage of hydrated lime filler results in the decrease of density, Void Filled With Asphalt (VFWA), stability and Marshall Quotient (MQ) value, while the increasing occured in the Void in Mineral Aggregates (VMA) and VITM value. Examination of durability indicated that hydrated lime filler can improve the Marshall retained strength index. The greater the percentage of hydrated lime filler the higher the value of retained strength index. The influences of the thickness of specimen indicated that MQ and stability values took the signifficant contribution,and it also indicated that the correction of the thickness of non standard specimen into the standar standard thickness specimen may increase MQ and stability value. Characteristic Marshall indicated that the influence of hydrated lime filler percentage on the variation of 25%:75%; 50%:50%; 75%:25% and 100%:0% generally had the small value difference while on the 0%:100% had the signifficant value difference. After compacting process, by extracting test, aggregate of mixture of granite Tanjung Pinang indicated that degaradation had occurred. The recommended variation between stone dust filler compared with hydrated lime filler are 25%:75% and 50%:50%.

Kata Kunci : Beton Aspal, Campuran, Filler Kapur Padaman, Batu Granit, Uji Marshall, granite, asphalt concrete