Keberlanjutan Layanan Sanitasi Ditinjau Dari Sisi Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik

HANA YESICA SURBAKTI, Prof. dr. Hari Kusnanto, Dr.PH; Dr. Daniel, M.Sc.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Salah satu aspek penting dalam Sustainable Development Goals 6.2 adalah akses sanitasi yang memadai, adil untuk semua golongan dan berkelanjutan, khususnya kelompok penyandang disabilitas. Walaupun sudah mulai mendapat fokus di masyarakat, penyandang disabilitas seringkali menjadi kelompok terpinggirkan dan kurang terfasilitasi dalam layanan dan fasilitas sanitasi di tempat umum, khususnya dalam layanan sanitasi toilet.

Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain case study. Informan adalah perwakilan penyandang disabilitas fisik, LSM yang bergerak di bidang sanitasi dan disabilitas, dan dinas pemerintah terkait yang ditentukan menggunakan purposive sampling.

Hasil: Definisi keberlanjutan layanan sanitasi bagi penyandang disabilitas adalah fasilitas sanitasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan penyandang disabilitas, mudah diakses, mampu mencegah penyebaran penyakit, terus berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya, sehingga  mampu mempraktikkan gaya hidup bersih dan sehat. Keberlanjutan layanan sanitasi dipengaruhi oleh anggaran yang bersumber dari dana pemerintah/non-pemerintah dan keterlibatan ditemui dalam wadah LSM/organisasi penyandang disabilitas.  

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan analisis CLD ketersediaan anggaran khusus pembangunan toilet dan mindset pengelola toilet merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi keberlanjutan layanan sanitasi. Keterlibatan penyandang disabilitas dijumpai dalam bentuk menyuarakan pendapat dan penggunaan fasilitas.

Background: One of the critical aspects of Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 is access to adequate, fair, and sustainable sanitation for all groups, especially groups of people with disabilities. Even though they have started to gain focus in society, persons with disabilities are often a marginalized group. They are not well facilitated in sanitation services and facilities in public places, particularly in toilet sanitation services.

Method: The method used is qualitative with a case study design. Informants were representatives of persons with physical disabilities, NGOs working in sanitation and disability, and related government agencies who were determined using purposive sampling.

Results: The definition of sustainability of sanitation services for persons with disabilities is sanitation facilities that suit the needs of persons with disabilities, are easily accessible, can prevent the spread of disease, and continue to function as they should so that persons with disabilities can practice a clean and healthy lifestyle. The sustainability of sanitation services is influenced by budgets originating from government/non-government funds and the involvement of persons with disabilities found in NGOs/organizations of persons with disabilities.

Conclusion: Based on the CLD analysis, the availability of a particular budget for the construction of accessible toilets and the mindset of toilet managers are the main factors influencing the sustainability of sanitation services. The involvement of persons with disabilities is found in voicing opinions and using facilities.

Kata Kunci : Sustainability, Definition, Sanitation, Persons with Physical Disabilities