PERKIRAAN RISIKO KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT AKIBAT PAPARAN BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI DALAM AIR MINUM RUMAH TANGGA DI INDONESIA
Heru Prasetyo, Prof. Dr. Ir. Sarto, M.Sc., IPU; Dr. Daniel, M.Sc
2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
One of the Sustainable Development Goals is to ensure that everyone has access to safe and affordable drinking water. Poor water quality can raise the risk of water-borne disease transmission to humans. According to the 2020 Indonesian Household Drinking Water Quality Study (SKAMRT), just 26% of households surveyed have access to safe drinking water free from E. coli. This information does not currently explain the magnitude of the public health risk that could occur as a result of E. coli exposure in Indonesian household drinking water. The goal of this study is to estimate public health risks due to exposure to E. coli in household drinking water at points of access (POA) and points of use (POU), as well as identify environmental factors related to drinking water quality based on the presence of E. coli parameters.
This study employs secondary data from the 2020 SKAMRT results, with a total of 21,829 Indonesian households as respondents. The quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) method was used to quantify the potential risk of infection and the annual incidence of diarrhea caused by pathogens in household drinking water. A logistic regression test is used to determine environmental factors associated with the quality of household drinking water. The reference pathogens employed in the QMRA analysis were E. coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, and rotavirus. The dependent variable in this study is the quality of water at the POA and POU, whereas the independent factors are the type of drinking water sources, treatment, sanitation facilities, water storage conditions, and regional.
The estimated annual probability of infection risk in POA exceeds the WHO reference, whereas in POU, only Cryptosporidium is below the reference. Estimates of the total diarrheal disease burden in POA and POU are 0.177 and 0.095 DALY per person per year, respectively, with the largest contributors coming from the reference pathogen E. coli O157:H7 and drinking water sources coming from refill water. Factors that were significantly (p<0>
Kata Kunci : QMRA, E. coli, DALY, air minum, SKAMRT