ANALISIS DOSIS PROTON DALAM TERAPI PROTON PADA KANKER PAYUDARA DENGAN METODE SIMULASI MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM PARTICLE AND HEAVY ION TRANSPORT CODE SYSTEM (PHITS) V3.30

Rendy Nu'man Pradana, Dr.Sc. Ari Dwi Nugraheni, S.Si., M.Si. ; Prof. Ir. Yohannes Sardjono, APU

2023 | Skripsi | FISIKA

Penelitian mengenai analisis dosis terapi radiasi berbasis proton beam therapy pada kasus kanker payudara telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung berapa dosis yang diterima oleh organ sehat di sekitar sel kanker dan berapa durasi total pelaksanaan terapi proton menggunakan teknik passive scattering agar dosis organ sehat masih dibawah batas toleransi. Secara spesifik penelitian ini dilakukan secara komputasi menggunakan software PHITS V3.30 (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System). Kegiatan simulasi proton therapy metode passive scattering dilakukan terhadap model phantom kanker payudara stadium 3A menggunakan partikel proton dengan intensitas 10¹⁰ partikel/detik dengan jarak pasien dengan sumber berkas proton 20 cm.

Pelaksanaan terapi proton dengan metode passive scattering pada target kanker payudara stadium 3A membutuhkan 15 fraksi energi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa distribusi dosis organ sehat di sekitar kanker yaitu payudara kanan mendapatkan dosis sebesar 5,32?ri batas dosis 3,5 Gy, paru-paru kiri mendapatkan dosis sebesar 36,13?ri batas dosis 50 Gy, paru-paru kanan mendapatkan dosis sebesar 0,37?ri batas dosis 50 Gy, jantung mendapatkan dosis sebesar 26,82?ri batas dosis 6 Gy, tulang rusuk mendapatkan dosis sebesar 25,87?ri batas dosis 50 Gy, dan kulit mendapatkan dosis sebesar 63,54?ri batas dosis 45 Gy dengan masing-masing 1,9 Gy dosis kulit per fraksinasi. Terapi ini membutuhkan waktu total iradiasi 94,7 menit untuk mencapai target dosis. Hasil simulasi ini menunjukkan keefektifan terapi proton dengan metode passive scattering dengan GTV, CTV, dan PTV mendapatkan dosis mencapai 78,1 Gy(RBE), 105,5 Gy(RBE), dan 114,7 Gy(RBE) dari target dosis minimal untuk membunuh kanker 45 Gy.

Research on the analysis of radiation therapy doses based on proton beam therapy in breast cancer cases has been carried out. This study aims to calculate how much dose is received by healthy organs around cancer cells and how long the total duration of proton therapy using passive scattering techniques so that the dose to healthy organs is still below the tolerance limit. Specifically, this study was conducted computationally using PHITS V3.30 software (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System). Proton therapy simulation activities using the passive scattering method were carried out on a stage 3A breast cancer phantom model using proton particles with an intensity of 10¹⁰ particles/second with a distance of 20 cm between the patient and the proton beam source.

The implementation of proton therapy with the passive scattering method on stage 3A breast cancer targets requires 15 energy fractions. The results of this study show that the distribution of doses to healthy organs around the cancer, namely the right breast, receives a dose of 5.32% of the dose limit of 3.5 Gy, the left lung receives a dose of 36.13% of the dose limit of 50 Gy, the right lung receives a dose of 0.37% of the dose limit of 50 Gy, the heart receives a dose of 26.82% of the dose limit of 6 Gy, the ribs receive a dose of 25.87% of the dose limit of 50 Gy, and the skin receives a dose of 63.54% of the dose limit of 45 Gy with each skin dose per fractionation being 1.9 Gy. This therapy requires a total irradiation time of 94.7 minutes to reach the target dose. The results of this simulation show the effectiveness of proton therapy with passive scattering method with GTV, CTV, and PTV receiving doses reaching 78.1 Gy(RBE), 105.5 Gy(RBE), and 114.7 Gy(RBE) from the minimum target dose to kill cancer at 45 Gy.

Kata Kunci : Dosis Radiasi, Kanker Payudara, PHITS, Terapi Proton