Disparitas Pendapatan Regional di Provinsi Jawa Tengah Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19

Lutfiah Tri Utami, Arini Wahyu Utami, S.P., M.Sc., Ph.D.; Sugiyarto, S.P., M.Sc.; Prof. Dr. Jamhari, S.P., M.P.

2023 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui disparitas pendapatan antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19, (2) mengetahui disparitas pendapatan sektor pertanian antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19, serta (3) mengetahui pengaruh PDRB perkapita sektor pertanian, tingkat pengangguran terbuka, dan inflasi terhadap disparitas pendapatan antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Metode dasar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data time series tahunan pada periode 2010-2019 (representasi kondisi sebelum pandemi Covid-19) dan tahun 2020- 2021 (representasi kondisi selama pandemi Covid-19). Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Indeks Williamson, tren, uji t berpasangan 1 sisi, dan regresi linear berganda dengan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) disparitas pendapatan antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah selama pandemi Covid-19 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sebelum terjadinya pandemi Covid-19, (2) disparitas pendapatan sektor pertanian antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah selama pandemi Covid-19 tidak berbeda nyata dengan sebelum terjadinya pandemi Covid-19, serta (3) PDRB perkapita sektor pertanian tidak berpengaruh terhadap disparitas pendapatan, sedangkan meningkatnya tingkat pengangguran terbuka dan inflasi akan meningkatkan disparitas pendapatan antarkabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.

Kata kunci: disparitas pendapatan, pandemi Covid-19, sektor pertanian

This study aims (1) to determine the income disparities between districts/cities in Central Java Province before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) to determine the income disparities in the agricultural sector between districts/cities in Central Java Province before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, and (3) to determine the effect of GRDP per capita in the agricultural sector, unemployment rate, and inflation on income disparities between districts/cities in Central Java Province. The basic method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The data used is annual time series data from the period 2010-2019 (representation conditions before the Covid-19 pandemic) and 2020-2021 (representation conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic). The analytical tools are the Williamson Index, trend, 1-tailed paired t-test, and multiple linear regression with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of this study showed (1) the income disparities between districts/cities in Central Java Province during the Covid-19 pandemic were higher than before the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) the income disparities in the agricultural sector between districts/cities in Central Java Province has no significant differences before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, and (3) GRDP per capita in the agricultural sector has no effect on income disparities, while increasing unemployment rate and inflation will increase income disparities between districts/cities in Central Java Province.

Keywords: income disparity, the Covid-19 pandemic, agricultural sector  

Kata Kunci : disparitas pendapatan, pandemi Covid-19, sektor pertanian