EVALUASI KETERSEDIAAN DAN HARGA OBAT ESENSIAL DI FASILITAS KESEHATAN KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Duto Wicaksono, Prof. Dr. apt. Akhmad Kharis Nugroho, M.Si.; Prof. Dr. apt. Satibi, M.Si.
2023 | Skripsi | FARMASI
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penilitian ini berupa jenis penelitian observasional. Data ketersediaan dan harga tahun 2022 dari 40 daftar obat esensial utama dikoleksi dari 1 RSUD, 4 puskesmas, dan 5 apotek swasta sesuai dengan guideline WHO/HAI di Kota Yogyakarta selama bulan Maret-Juni 2023. Data ketersediaan dan harga obat esensial dikoleksi menggunakan formulir yang diisi berdasarkan data tahun 2022 pada fasilitas kesehatan yang terpilih. Ketersediaan obat dihitung dengan membagi stok persediaan dengan rata-rata penjualan yang mana dihasilkan data ketersediaan dalam bulan. Harga akan dihasilkan dalam median price ratio (MPR). Manfaat dari penlitian ini dapat mengevaluasi ketersediaan dan harga obat esensial di Kota Yogyakarta. Dengan tercapainya ketersediaan dan harga obat yang terjangkau dapat meningkatkan tingkat pelayanan kesehatan di Kota Yogyakarta.
Hasil
dari penelitian ketersediaan 40 item obat indikator dengan harga termahal dan
termurah untuk apotek swasta memiliki ketersediaan 4,04 dan 5,05 bulan,
puskesmas puskesmas memiliki nilai 9,01 dan 13,78 bulan, dan RSUD memiliki
ketersediaan15,19 dan 19,5 bulan. Hasil dari penelitian harga obat 40
item obat indikator dengan harga termahal dan termurah untuk apotek memiliki
nilai MPR yaitu 8,08 dan 1,78, puskesmas memiliki nilai MPR yaitu 1,29 dan
0,66,
dan RSUD memiliki nilai MPR yaitu 1,68 dan 0,95.
Essential
medicines are the drugs of choice that are considered the most useful in health
services. One of the factors supporting the success of health services is the
availability and affordable prices of essential drugs. The purpose of this
study was to evaluate the price and availability of selected essential
medicines in the city of Yogyakarta.
The
type of research used in this research is in the form of observational
research. Availability and price data for 2022 from 40 lists of main essential
medicines were collected from 1 RSUD, 4 puskesmas, and 5 private pharmacies
according to WHO/HAI guidelines in Yogyakarta City during March-June 2023.
Availability data and prices for essential medicines were collected using forms
provided Fill in based on 2022 data at selected health facilities. Drug
availability is calculated by dividing the inventory stock by the average sales
which generates availability data in months. Prices will be generated in the median
price ratio (MPR). The benefits of this research can evaluate the availability
and price of essential medicines in the city of Yogyakarta. By achieving the
availability and affordable prices of drugs, it can increase the level of
health services in the City of Yogyakarta.
The
results of the research on the availability of 40 indicator drug items with the
highest and lowest prices for private pharmacies have availability of 4.04 and
5.05 months, health centers have values ??of 9.01 and 13.78 months, and RSUD
have availability of 15.19 and 19.5 month. The results of the research on drug
prices for 40 indicator drug items with the highest and cheapest prices for
pharmacies have MPR values ??of 8.08 and 1.78, puskesmas have MPR values ??of 1.29
and 0.66, and RSUD have MPR values ??of 1.68 and 0.95.
Kata Kunci : Ketersediaan, harga, obat esensial