Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri asal mula majalah anak yang berawal dari lembaran rubrik anak pada surat kabar hingga menjadi majalah anak secara utuh. Dalam perkembangannya, majalah anak telah eksis sejak tahun 1936 yang bermula dari Keloearga Poetra milik Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Lalu majalah anak mengalami transformasi yang mencakup perubahan ragam rubrik dan jenis majalah yang bersifat komersial di era Orde Baru. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan sumber primer serta sekunder. Sumber primer berupa arsip majalah dari berbagai zaman, surat kabar, tabloid, dan arsip Instruksi Presiden. Sumber sekunder yang digunakan berupa buku dan jurnal terkait perkembangan bacaan anak di Indonesia serta bacaan yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan pers di Indonesia. Berdasarkan dari sumber data yang telah dianalisis, peran orang dewasa baik itu pemerintah, masyarakat, maupun penulis memiliki peran dalam pembentukan nilai bagi anak melalui majalah. Pada era Kolonial Hindia Belanda, majalah anak dijadikan sebagai upaya untuk edukasi. Pada saat penjajahan Jepang, majalah anak digunakan sebagai sarana sosialisasi terhadap kondisi militer. Sedangkan pada masa pemerintahan Orde Baru, majalah anak berperan dalam menanamkan nilai Pancasila.
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This study aims to trace the origins of children's magazines that started from children's rubric sheets in newspapers to become children's
magazines as a whole. In its development, children's magazines have existed since
1936 which started
with Ki Hadjar Dewantara's Keloearga Poetra. Then children's
magazines underwent a transformation
which included changes in the variety
of rubrics and types of magazines that were commercial in nature
during the New Order era. The method used
in this study is to use
primary and secondary sources. Primary sources
include archives of
magazines from various eras, newspapers, tabloids, and archives of Presidential Instructions. The secondary
sources used are in the form of books and journals
related to the development of children's reading in Indonesia as well as readings related to the development of the
press in Indonesia. Based on the data sources
that have been analyzed, the role of adults, be it government, society, or writers, has a role in forming
values for children
through magazines. In the colonial
era of the Dutch East Indies, children's magazines were used as an
effort for education. During the
Japanese occupation, children's magazines were used as a means of outreach to military
conditions. Meanwhile, during the New Order government, children's magazines played
a role in instilling Pancasila
values.
Kata Kunci : majalah anak, Instruksi Presiden, Orde Baru, edukasi, rubrik
