Optimasi Formula Sediaan Nanoemulgel Minyak Pala (Myristica fragrans) sebagai Pereda Nyeri
Maria Indra Ardriyanto, Dr.Eng. apt. Khadijah, M.Si
2023 | Skripsi | FARMASI
Pain is a condition in which a person feels discomfort due to tissue damage. Oral pain medications have drawbacks, it can cause first pass metabolism and side effects on the gastrointestinal tract so that the use of topical pain relievers that can increase patient comfort. Several studies have proven that nutmeg oil has activity as an antiinflammation and analgesic. So in this study, a nutmeg oil with menthol combination nanoemulgel formulation was made as an alternative pain reliever given topically. Nutmeg oil concentration in the formulation is 15% and menthol 5%. The use of nanotechnology in the manufacture of formulas is intended to increase drug penetration.
The combination of surfactant and cosurfactant concentrations can affect the characteristics of the nanoemulsion, so optimization of the Tween 80 and PEG 400 formulas with nutmeg oil was carried out using pseudoternary diagrams and Simplex Lattice Design. Nutmeg oil nanoemulsion is made by low energy method using Phase Inversion Composition (PIC). Then, The optimum nanoemulsion formula is made in nanoemulgel preparations to increase the viscosity so that it has better skin penetration. The nanoemulgel was prepared by incorporating nutmeg oil nanoemulsion with Karbopol 940 gel base. Evaluation of the nutmeg oil nanoemulsion included organoleptic tests, particle size, polydispersity index, centrifugation stability tests, and zeta potential. While the evaluation of nutmeg oil nanoemulgel includes organoleptic, pH, viscosity, adhesion, spreadability, and stability. Statistical analysis of the data was tested using one-way ANOVA parametric analysis with a confidence level of 95%.
Based on the research results, the optimum formula produced is the composition of Tween 80 23% and 17% PEG 400. The optimum characteristics of the nutmeg oil nanoemulsion formula were obtained including particle size of 142,66 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0,247, particle size and polydispersity index after centrifugation tests of 263,36 nm and 0,252. The zeta potential characteristic of the nanoemulsion is -0,10 mV. While the evaluation of the obtained nanoemulgel preparations includes a viscosity value of 9041.5 c.Poises; spreadability 5,45 cm; adhesivity of 8,61 seconds; and pH 6. Stability test of nutmeg oil nanoemulgel stored for 4 weeks at 40oC ± 2oC/75% RH ± 5% RH showed instability in the parameters of viscosity and adhesivity.
Kata Kunci : minyak pala, nanoemulsi, nanoemulgel, nyeri, optimasi formula