Deteksi Begomovirus pada Kutu Kebul (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) dan Inang Alternatif di Sekitar Pertanaman Kacang Panjang
DIAN PERTIWI, Dr. Ir. Sri Sulandari, S.U.
2023 | Skripsi | S1 PROTEKSI TANAMAN
Epidemi
penyakit kuning akibat Begomovirus pada kacang panjang pertama kali dilaporkan
terjadi di Jawa pada 2008-2009. Hingga kini, insidensi dan intensitas penyakit
kuning semakin meluas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi Begomovirus
pada kacang panjang, kutu kebul, dan beberapa inang alternatif lainnya di
sekitar pertanaman kacang panjang. Begomovirus didideteksi secara molekuler
dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menggunakan primer universal
Begomovirus Krusty-Homer. Begomovirus ditularkan melalui uji penularan alami di
sekitar lahan pertanaman kacang panjang bergejala kuning. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa Begomovirus terdeteksi pada tanaman kacang panjang bergejala
kuning, kutu kebul, dan beberapa inang di sekitarnya. Begomovirus dapat ditularkan ke tanaman timun dan cabai
secara alami melalui serangga vektor. Gejala infeksi Begomovirus sangat
bervariasi. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan Begomovirus isolat Donoharjo,
Ngaglik, Sleman terbagi ke dalam dua grup. Grup satu terdiri atas Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) pada Ageratum conyzoides serta Ageratum yellow vein China virus
(AYVCNV) pada timun dan cabai. Grup dua terdiri atas Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) pada kacang panjang dan Horsegram yellow mosaic virus (HgYMV)
pada B.tabaci. Begomovirus yang
teridentifikasi pada tanaman inang utama, kacang panjang, memiliki kekerabatan
yang sangat tinggi dengan Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) isolat
Sleman dengan presentase homologi 99%.
Epidemic of yellow disease due to Begomovirus in yardlong beans was
first reported in Java in 2008-2009. Until now, the incidence and intensity of yellow
disease is increasingly widespread.This study aims to detect Begomovirus in yardlong
bean, whitefly, and other alternative host around yardlong bean cultivation.
The Begomovirus was detected molecularly by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
method using the Begomovirus Krusty-Homer universal primer. Begomovirus is
transmitted through a natural transmission test to other plant host around the
yardlong bean cultivation that have yellow symptomps. The results showed that
Begomovirus was detected in yardlong bean plants with yellow symptoms, whitefly,
and various hosts around it. Begomovirus can be transmitted to cucumber and
chili plants naturally by insect vectors. The infected plants showed various
symptomps. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Begomovirus isolate from
Donoharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman was divided into two groups. Group one consisted of Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) in Ageratum conyzoides and Ageratum yellow vein China virus (AYVCNV)
in cucumber and chili. Group two consisted of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) in yardlong beans and Horsegram yellow mosaic virus (HgYMV) in
B. tabaci. The begomovirus identified
in the main host plant, yardlong bean, has a very high homology with the Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus
(MYMIV) isolate from Sleman with a homology percentage of 99%.
Kata Kunci : Begomovirus, PCR, Kacang Panjang, MYMIV