Prarancangan Pabrik Melamine dari Urea Kapasitas 60.000 Ton/Tahun
Afif Raihan Hakiki, Budhijanto, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., IPM
2023 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA
The pre-design of the melamine plant with a capacity of 60,000 tons/year is designed to be built at Cikampek, Karawang Regency, West Java in 2027. In establishment of this plant, urea as raw material is needed as much as 25229,89 kg/hour. The energy needs for this plant include of unit's water needs which is 155.783,81 kg/hour obtained from the Citarum river, Cikampek and electrical needs which is 437,1821 kWh from PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara.
The melamine plant made of urea is designed to operate continuously for 330 days/year with a capacity of 60,000 tons/year. The process used is BASF process with the purity of the product up to 99.9% and operates at lower pressure conditions compared to other processes. In the manufacturing process, urea is melted at first. Molten urea is reacted in the fluidized bed reactor with alumina catalyst using fluidizing gas, a mixture of NH3 and CO2 gas. Melamine forming reaction is endothermic, so it requires a heater to maintain the temperature in form of molten salt. The melamine gas produced by the reactor will then be condensed in the condenser and crystallized using a prilling tower. The finished product is melamine powder.
From the economic evaluation, the calculated fixed capital is $33.565.356,75 and the working capital is $837.127,40. This plant is classified as low risk with ROI before tax is 28,61% and after-tax is 14,30%, POT before tax is 2,59 years and after-tax is 4,11 years. The calculated BEP of this plant is 41,03%, the SDP is 14,26%, and the DCFRR is 21,92%. From the calculations, this melamine plant from urea is economically attractive and worthy of further study.
Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: Fluidisasi, Melamin, Urea