Identifikasi dan Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik terhadap Enterococcus spp. asal Sampel Daging Ayam Broiler di Kabupaten Sleman

Dinda Syabrina, drh. M. Th. Khrisdiana Putri, M.P., Ph.D

2023 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Penggunaan antibiotik pada peternakan ayam broiler yang tidak bijak dapat meningkatkan resistensi bakteri yang merugikan dan mempengaruhi kesehatan konsumen. Enterococci dengan gen resistensi antibiotik dapat berpindah ke manusia melalui produk hewan yang tercemar seperti daging ayam saat pemrosesan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengetahui sensitivitas Enterococcus spp. dari sampel daging ayam broiler pada peternakan broiler di Kabupaten Sleman terhadap berbagai antibiotik.  

Sampel penelitian ini adalah daging ayam broiler sehat dari 16 ekor ayam broiler di empat peternakan broiler Kabupaten Sleman. Isolasi Enterococcus spp. dilakukan pada media Enterococcosel Plat Agar yang dikonfirmasi dengan uji sifat biokimia. Uji sensitivitas antibiotik dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer terhadap Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Ampicillin, Gentamicyn, Sulfamethoxazole, dan Vancomysin pada 20 isolat Enterococcus spp. yang diuji.

Didapatkan spesies terduga dari 20 isolat Enterococcus spp. yang diuji yaitu, E. gallinarum, E. saccharolitycus, E. raffinosus, E. avium, E. villorum, E. durans, E. hirae dan E. casselliflavus. Hasil uji sensitivitas dari 20 isolat Enterococcus spp. yang diuji 100% sensitif terhadap Ampicillin, 30% intermediet terhadap Vancomycin, 5% resisten terhadap Oxytetracycline, 10% resisten terhadap Tetracycline, 25% resisten terhadap Sulfamethoxazole, dan 40% resisten terhadap Gentamicyn. Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) ditemukan sebanyak 5 isolat (25%) dari 20 total isolat yang diuji. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa ditemukan Enterococcus spp. di daging ayam broiler yang memiliki sifat resistensi terhadap beberapa antibiotik dan bahkan beberapa isolat bersifat Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR).

Inappropriate use of antibiotics in broiler farming can increase the resistance of harmful bacteria and affect consumer health. Enterococci with antibiotic resistance genes can be transferred to humans through contaminated animal products such as chicken meat during processing.  This study aims to identify and determine the sensitivity of Enterococcus spp. from broiler meat samples on broiler farms in Sleman Regency to various antibiotics.  

The samples of this study were healthy broiler meat from 16 broiler chickens in four broiler farms in Sleman Regency. The isolation of Enterococcus spp. was carried out on Enterococcosel Plate Agar media which was confirmed by biochemical properties test. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Ampicillin, Gentamicyn, Sulfamethoxazole, and Vancomysin on 20 Enterococcus spp. isolates.

The suspected species of the 20 Enterococcus spp. isolates tested were E. gallinarum, E. saccharolitycus, E. raffinosus, E. avium, E. villorum, E. durans, E. hirae and E. casselliflavus. The sensitivity test results of the 20 Enterococcus spp. isolates tested were 100% sensitive to Ampicillin, 30% intermediate to Vancomycin, 5% resistant to Oxytetracycline, 10% resistant to Tetracycline, 25% resistant to Sulfamethoxazole, and 40% resistant to Gentamicyn. Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) was found as many as 5 isolates (25%) of the 20 total isolates tested. The conclusion of this study is that Enterococcus spp. was found in broiler meat which has resistance to several antibiotics and even some isolates are Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR).

Kata Kunci : Enterococcus spp, daging ayam broiler, uji sensitivitas antibiotik, Enterococcus spp, broiler chicken meat, antibiotic sensitivity test