GAMBARAN PERMINTAAN DAN KETERSEDIAAN OBAT COVID-19 PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI APOTEKER DI APOTEK DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Yosefin Cintantya Cahaya Safira, Dr. apt. Dwi Endarti, SF., M.Sc.

2023 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Covid-19 merupakan pandemi global yang dinyatakan menjadi keadaan darurat oleh WHO. Keadaan darurat kesehatan berdampak pada permintaan dan ketersediaan obat-obatan utamanya obat-obatan preventif dan kuratif Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran permintaan dan ketersediaan obat berdasarkan persepsi apoteker di apotek di Kota Yogyakarta.

Penelitian dilakukan secara cross-sectional menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Pengambilan data menggunakan data primer berupa kuesioner secara convenience sampling kepada apoteker di 56 apotek di Kota Yogyakarta. Data primer yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner kemudian dianalisis dengan meliputi data permintaan dan ketersediaan obat.

Penelitian menunjukkan permintaan obat Covid-19 meningkat pada 2021, terutama suplemen. Kekosongan stok terjadi pada 78,57% apotek karena kekosongan stok obat di distributor, sementara 23,31% apotek mengalami kelebihan stok akibat penurunan permintaan. Solusi yang dilakukan adalah meningkatkan pengadaan obat oleh 42,86% apoteker untuk mengatasi kekosongan stok, dan 16,27% apoteker melakukan penurunan pengadaan serta survei lebih lanjut untuk mengatasi kelebihan stok. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah perlunya peningkatan terhadap manajemen rantai pasokan obat dikarenakan sistem yang ada belum memenuhi kebutuhan permintaan.

Covid-19 is a global pandemic declared as a health emergency by the WHO. The health emergency situation has an impact on the demand and availability of drugs, especially preventive and curative drugs for Covid-19. This research aims to understand the overview of drug demand and availability based on the perceptions of pharmacists in pharmacies in Yogyakarta City.

The research was conducted using a cross-sectional design with descriptive analysis method. Data was collected through primary data in the form of questionnaires using convenience sampling among pharmacists in 56 pharmacies in Yogyakarta City. The primary data obtained through the questionnaires were then analyzed, including the data on drug demand and availability.

The research shows an increased demand for Covid-19 medication in 2021, especially supplements. Stock shortages occurred in 78.57% of pharmacies due to medication shortages at distributors, while 23.31% of pharmacies experienced excess stock due to decreased demand. The solution implemented was to increase medication procurement by 42.86% of pharmacists to address stock shortages, and 16.27% of pharmacists reduced procurement and conducted further surveys to address excess stock. The conclusion of the study is the need for improvement in medication supply chain management as the current system does not meet demand requirements.

Kata Kunci : apotek, Covid-19, ketersediaan, obat, permintaan