Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Uji Resistensi Escherichia coli dari Swab Kloaka Burung Famili Columbidae
Gilang Wisnu Aji, Prof. Dr. drh. Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni, M.Si.
2023 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN
Resistensi antibiotik merupakan masalah penting dalam dunia kedokteran hewan. Data resistensi E. coli terhadap antibiotik pada burung peliharaan masih sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data resistensi E. coli yang diisolasi dari burung famili Columbidae terhadap beberapa jenis antibiotik di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.
Sebanyak 14 sampel swab kloaka digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel dikultur pada media Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) kemudian diisolasi pada Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB). Koloni bakteri yang tumbuh terpisah dan berwarna ungu tua disertai hijau metalik diambil dan dilakukan pengecatan Gram. Koloni terduga E. coli diidentifikasi dengan uji biokimia. Dari uji tersebut, didapatkan sembilan isolat E. coli yang diuji resistensi antibiotik dengan metode Kirby-Bauer terhadap: ampisilin 10µg, sefotaksim 30µg, siprofloksasin 5µg, gentamisin 10µg, tetrasiklin 30µg, dan trimetoprim sulfametoksazol 25µg. Hasil pengukuran zona hambat dibandingkan dengan standar dari Clinical Standards Laboratory Institute (CLSI).
Hasil menunjukkan masing-masing isolat E. coli resisten terhadap ampisilin (33%), sefotaksim (56%), siprofloksasin (33%), gentamisin (33%), trimetoprim-sulfametoksazol (22%), dan tetrasiklin (56%). Ditemukan multi drug resistance pada 33% isolat E. coli. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat resistensi isolat E. coli dari tinggi ke rendah yaitu sefotaksim, tetrasiklin, ampisilin, siprofloksasin, gentamisin dan trimetoprim-sulfametoksazol. Isolat dari burung merpati dan dederuk jawa resisten terhadap semua antibiotik dan burung perkutut sensitif terhadap semua antibiotik.
Antibiotic resistance is an important problem in veterinary medicine. Data on resistance of E. coli to antibiotics in pet birds is still limited. This study aims to obtain data on the resistance of E. coli isolated from Columbidae family birds to several antibiotics in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
A total of 14 cloacal swab samples were used in this study. The samples were cultured on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) and then isolated on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB). Bacterial colonies that grew separately and were dark purple in color with metallic green were taken and Gram stained. The suspected colonies of E.coli were identified by biochemical tests. From this test, nine E. coli isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance using the Kirby-Bauer method against: ampicillin 10µg, cefotaxime 30µg, ciprofloxacin 5µg, gentamicin 10µg, tetracycline 30µg, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 25µg. The results of the inhibition zone measurements were compared with the standards from the Clinical Standards Laboratory Institute (CLSI).
The results showed that the E.coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin (33%), cefotaxime (56%), ciprofloxacin (33%), gentamicin (33%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (22%), and tetracycline (56%). Multi drug resistance was found in 33% of E. coli isolates. It was concluded that the resistance levels of E.coli isolates from high to low cefotaxime, tetracycline, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Isolates from the pigeon and sunda collared dove were resistant to all antibiotics and the turtledove was sensitive to all antibiotics.
Kata Kunci : Columbidae, isolasi, Escherichia coli, resistensi antibiotik