Antagonisme Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 Terhadap Bakteri Patogen Tanaman Ralstonia solanacearum

Faizah Az Zahra, Dr. Ir. Jaka Widada. M.P.,Ph.D.; Ir. Donny Widianto., Ph. D.;

2023 | Skripsi | MIKROBIOLOGI PERTANIAN

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain W36 yang diisolasi dari akar tanaman tebu merupakan bakteri penambat nitrogen. Kemampuan bakteri kelompok Bacillus telah diketahui mampu menghambat bakteri patogen tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum. Aktivitas antagonisme dari isolat Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 terhadap Ralstonia solanacearum diuji melalui tiga metode, antara lain metode cross-streak, disk-diffusion, dan cawan tangkup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat aktivitas 

penghambatan oleh Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 terhadap Ralstonia solanacearum, ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening. Berdasarkan perhitungan persentase zona bening pada uji disk-diffusion, didapatkan kemampuan penghambatan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 sebesar 24.75%, sedangkan pada kontrol tidak terjadi penghambatan. Strain W36 juga memiliki kemampuan menghambat Ralstonia solanacearum melalui senyawa organik volatil.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain W36 isolated from sugarcane roots is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium. The ability of Bacillus group bacteria has been known to inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to determine the ability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 in inhibiting the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum. The antagonistic activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 isolate against Ralstonia solanacearum was tested through three methods, including cross-streak, disk-diffusion, and double plate chamber methods. The results showed that there was inhibitory activity by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 against Ralstonia solanacearum, characterised by the formation of clear zones. Based on the 

calculation of the clear zone percentage in the disk-diffusion test, the inhibitory ability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36 was 24.75%, while there was no inhibition in the control. Strain W36 also has the ability to inhibit Ralstonia solanacearum through volatile organic compounds.

Kata Kunci : antagonisme, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W36, Ralstonia solanacearum.