Dampak Berjangkitnya Penyakit Mulut Dan Kuku Terhadap Usaha Sapi Potong Oleh Peternak Di Kecamatan Prambanan Dan Ngaglik Kabupaten Sleman

Fajar Nurrahman, Prof. Dr. Ir. Endang Baliarti, SU.

2023 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak berjangkitnya penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) terhadap usaha sapi potong oleh peternak di Kecamatan Prambanan dan Kecamatan Ngaglik Kabupaten Sleman. Materi penelitian meliputi 40 orang peternak sapi potong yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Prambanan dan Kecamatan Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Pada setiap daerah akan diambil 6 kelompok ternak sapi potong dan tiap kelompok diambil 3 sampai 4 responden. Total responden setiap daerah yaitu 20 responden. Data yang akan diambil meliputi identitas responden (nama, umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan terakhir, pekerjaan utama, lama beternak), populasi ternak (bangsa, jumlah, status kepemilikan), penanganan terhadap PMK, pola pemeliharaan, mutasi ternak (tujuan pengadaan, harga pengadaan, tujuan penjualan, harga penjualan, metode penjualan, target penjualan) yang dibandingkan pada periode sebelum dan saat berjangkitnya PMK, dan dampak psikologis peternak serta dampak sosial masyarakat. Pengambilan data dengan wawancara kepada peternak. Analisis data secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peternak menjadi lebih sering melaksanakan desinfeksi dan sanitasi, 80% peternak merasa khawatir karena PMK, kemudian 70% peternak melakukan pembatasan mobilitas, berkurangnya pengadaan menjadi 3 ekor dan berkurangnya penjualan ternak menjadi 8 ekor dan harga jual ternak menjadi Rp3.330.000 saat ternak terjangkit PMK. Disimpulkan bahwa berjangkitnya PMK mempengaruhi aktivitas usaha sapi potong di Kecamatan Prambanan dan Kecamatan Ngaglik.

This study aims to determine the impact of foot and mouth disease outbreak on the business of beef cattle by farmers in the Prambanan and Ngaglik subdistrict, Sleman regency. This study consists of forty cattle farmers in the Prambanan and Ngaglik subdistrict, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research used the purposive sampling method. Six cattle farmers groups were taken from each subdistrict, each group was divided into 3 to 4 farmers. The total respondent from each subdistrict were 20 farmers. The observed data were farmer characteristics (name, age, gender, education, job, farming experience), cattle population, the handling of FMD, maintenance management, and cattle mutations (aim, price, method, target) which are compared between two periods, before and at the time of the outbreak of the foot and mouth disease, psychological effect on the farmers as well as society effect. This research was conducted by using interviews and direct observation in the field. The obtained data were then analyzed by quantitative and qualitative description. The results showed that the farmers more frequently disinfect and cleaned their pens, 80% of the farmers worried because of the FMD, then 70% of the farmers imposed restrictions on mobility, reduced procurement of only up to 3 cattle and sales of beef cattle only up to 8 cattle as well as decreased cattle selling prices up to Rp3.330.000 if the cattle was infected by the FMD. It concluded that the outbreak of the FMD affected the business of beef cattle in the Prambanan and Ngaglik subdistricts.

Kata Kunci : Penyakit mulut dan kuku (PMK), Usaha sapi potong, Sapi potong