PEWARISAN GENETIK KETAHANAN GALUR PERIA BGV18024 TERHADAP CUCURBIT APHID-BORNE YELLOWS VIRUS (CABYV)
Dewi Ratnawati, Dr. Panjisakti Basunanda, S.P., M.P.; Dr. Ir. Sedyo Hartono, M.P.
2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Pemuliaan Tanaman
Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows
virus
(CABYV) yang menginfeksi tanaman peria ditandai dengan munculnya gejala pada daun tua daun melengkung ke bawah, tulang daun
menebal, dan daun mulai menguning. Gejala berlanjut dengan berubahnya hampir
seluruh daun menjadi berwarna kuning dibatasi pertulangan daun yang berwarna
hijau. Pada daun muda, gejala berupa daun tampak menebal disertai penebalan
tulang daun. Selanjutnya diikuti oleh abnormalitas daun seperti daun mengerut,
berukuran lebih kecil dan lebih tebal, serta tanaman menjadi kerdil. Penelitian
ini bermaksud untuk memperolah strategi perakitan kultivar peria tahan CABYV
melalui introgresi dari sumber ketahanan BGV18024. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk menentukan model pewarisan ketahanan ini. Populasi uji terdiri dari tetua
rentan BGV18001 (P1) dan tetua tahan BGV18024 (P2), serta generasi F1, F2,
BC1.1 dan BC1.2 hasil persilangan dari tetua tersebut. Penapisan ketahanan
dilakukan dalam lingkungan terkendali melalui inokulasi populasi uji dengan inokulum
terinfeksi tunggal CABYV. Hasil Penapisan ketahanan menunjukkan bahwa galur
BGV18024 (P2) memiliki derajat ketahanan agak tahan, dan galur BGV18001 (P1)
memiliki derajat ketahanan sangat rentan. Diasumsikan, genotipe P2 adalah aabbCC
dan genotipe P1 adalah AABBcc. Lokus C dapat dianggap sebagai “gen
utama”. Populasi generasi F1 memiliki genotipe AaBbCc. Populasi generasi F2 bersegregasi
dengan nisbah 62R:2T. Nisbah generasi F2 diperoleh melalui pengelompokan
jumlah tanaman berdasarkan skor progresi. Maka
diasumsikan bahwa, ketahanan BGV18024 terhadap CABYV dikendalikan oleh tiga
gen, yaitu dua gen ketahanan bersifat resesif dan satu gen promoter utama yang
bersifat dominan dan diduga adanya efek maternal.
Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows
virus (CABYV),
which infects bitter gourd plants, is characterized by the appearance of
symptoms on old leaves, the leaves curl downward, the veins thicken, and the
leaves begin to turn yellow. Symptoms continue with the change of almost all
the leaves to yellow, bordered by green leaf bones. On young leaves, symptoms
include thickened leaves accompanied by thickening of the leaf veins. This is
followed by leaf abnormalities such as shriveled leaves, smaller and thicker
sizes, and plants becoming stunted. This research aims to develop a strategy
for assembling CABYV-resistant bitter gourd cultivars through introgressions of
the BGV18024 resistance source. This research aims to determine the inheritance
model of this resilience. The test population consisted of susceptible parents
BGV18001 (P1) and resistant parents BGV18024 (P2), as well as the F1, F2, BC1.1
and BC1.2 generations resulting from crosses from these parents. Resistance
screening is performed in a controlled environment through inoculation of the
test population with a single CABYV-infected inoculum. The results of
resistance screening showed that the BGV18024 (P2) strain had a moderately
resistant degree of resistance, and the BGV18001 (P1) strain had a very
susceptible degree of resistance. It is assumed that the P2 genotype is aabbCC and the P1 genotype is AABBcc. The C locus can be considered a “main gene”. The F1 generation
population has the genotype AaBbCc.
The F2 generation population segregates with a ratio of 62R:2T. The F2
generation ratio is obtained by grouping the number of plants based on the
progression score. So it is assumed that BGV18024's resistance to CABYV is
controlled by three genes, namely two resistance genes which are recessive and
one main promoter gene which is dominant and espected maternal effects.
Kata Kunci : ketahanan, peria, Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), pewarisan, gen