ANALISIS LANSKAP UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN WISATA ALAM DI DESA PARANGTRITIS KECAMATAN KRETEK, KABUPATEN BANTUL, PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

ENI UFIYATUN, Prof. Dr. Suratman, M.Sc

2023 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

INTISARI

Lanskap merupakan bentangan permukaan bumi yang didalamnya terdapat bentuklahan hasil proses geomorfologi dengan karakteristiknya yang khas dan terdapat aktifitas manusia yang mempengaruhinya. Pengembangan wisata alam berbasis lanskap di Desa Parangtritis, Kecamatan Kretek, Kabupaten Bantul ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengidentifikasi jenis karakteristik lanskap untuk potensi wisata alam di Desa Parangtritis; (2) menganalisis kondisi aktual pemanfaatan objek wisata alam berbasis lanskap di Desa Parangtritis; (3) menganalisis tipologi Kawasan wisata alam berdasarkan siklus hidup pariwisata (Tourist Area Life Cycle) yang ada di Desa Parangtritis.

Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan geomorfologi lanskap, sehingga satuan analisis menggunakan satuan morfoaransemen dari bentuklahan yang ada. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive random sampling dengan teknik analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. ArcGIS digunakan untuk memberikan gambaran spasial yang berwujud peta. Analisis SWOT digunakan untuk memperoleh startegi prioritas, program dan kegiatan yang dijadikan sebagai arahan rekomendasi dalam pengembangan wisata alam di Desa Parangtritis.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua lanskap berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi wisata alam. Penilaian dengan kriteria ADO-ODTWA menunjukan ada tiga (3) yaitu lanskap dengan potensial dikembangkan (A), cukup Potensial dikembangkan (B), dan tidak potensial dikembangkan (C). Potensi wisata alam yang cocok untuk lanskap terjal dan natural adalah hiking dan trekking. Backswamp bisa dimanfaatkan untuk agrowisata. stream channel, channel bar, flood plain, alluvial plain, lagoon dan spit berpotensi untuk dikembangkan ecotourism, selain berwisata juga untuk konservasi. Dataran pantai sesuai untuk wisata pantai juga berkemah, berkuda, bersepada, namun perlu diwaspadai gelombang tsunami, dan gelombang tinggi. Kawasan gumuk pasir sangat sesuai untuk dijadikan sebuah geowisata yang bisa ditambah dengan atraksi orienteering, flora observation, dan skateboard. Secara aktual sebagian besar wisata alam yang sudah dikembangkan wisata pantai pemandian air panas parangwedang dan watu lumbung. Terdapat delapan tipologi perkembangan TALC menurut Butler 1980 yaitu tipologi eksploration yaitu Pantai Widuri, Pantai Barchan dan Pantai Pandan Payung. Tipologi involvement yaitu Pantai Pelangi, Pantai Tall Wolu, dan Watu Lumbung. Tipologi involvement-development hanya Pantai Cemara Sewu. New lagoon Depok bertipologi development, Pantai Parangtritis bertipologi development-consolidation. Pantai depok dan Pantai Parangkusumo bertipologi consolidation-stagnation. Pemandian air panas Parangwedang bertipologi stagnation dan gumuk pasir bertipologi stagnation-decline. Arahan rekomendasi berdasarkan karakteristik lanskap dan tipologi yang dimiliki objek wisata yang berbeda, maka akan memiliki strategi perioritas, program dan kegiatan yang berbeda

Kata Kunci:  Karakteristik, Lanskap-geomorfologi, Potensi Wisata Alam, ADO-ADTWA, Tipologi menurut TALC Butler 1980

ABSTRACT

Landscape is a stretch of the earth's surface in which there are geomorphologically processed geomorphic landforms with distinctive characteristics and human activities that influence them. The development of natural landscape-based tourism in Parangtritis Village, Kretek District, Bantul Regency aims to: (1) identify the types of landscape characteristics as a nature tourism potential in Parangtritis Village; (2) analyse the existing condition of landscape-based nature attractions in Parangtritis Village; (3) analyse the typology of nature tourism areas based on the Tourist Area Life Cycle (TALC) according to Butler 1980 in Parangtritis Village.

The research used a landscape geomorphology approach, so the unit of analysis used the morpho-arrangement unit of the existing landform. Sampling was taken by means of purposive random sampling with analytical techniques carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner. ArcGIS was used to provide a spatial picture in the form of a map. SWOT analysis was used to obtain priority strategies, programs and activities that serve as recommendations for the development of nature tourism in Parangtritis Village.

The results of the study show that not all landscapes have the potential to be developed into nature tourism area. The assessment using the ADO-ODTWA criteria showed that there werw three (3) landscape with potential for development (A), enough potential for development (B), and no potenstial for development (C).  Nature tourism potentials for steep and natural landscapes are hiking and trekking. Back swamp can be developed for agritourism. Stream channels, channel bars, flood plains, alluvial plains, lagoons and spit have the potential to be developed for ecotourism, as tourism object as well as for conservation. The coastal plains are suitable for beach tourism as well as camping site, horse riding, biking, by considering the potential tsunami waves and high waves. The sand dune area is very suitable to be used as a geo-tourism which can be added with orienteering attractions, flora observation, and skateboarding. Based on the existing condition, the natural attractions that have been developed are beach tourism, Parang Wedang hot springs and Watu Lumbung. There are eight development typologies according to Butler 1980: the exploratory typology, namely Widuri Beach, Barchan Beach and Pandan Payung Beach; the involvement typology namely Pelangi Beach, Tall Wolu Beach, and Watu Lumbung; the involvement-development typology namely Cemara Sewu Beach; the development typology namely New lagoon Depok; the development-consolidation typology namely Parangtritis Beach;  the consolidation-stagnation typology namely Depok Beach and Parangkusumo Beach; the stagnation typology namely Parangwedang hot springs; and the stagnation-decline typology namely sandbanks. The recommendation directions based on landscape characteristics and typologies of different tourism objects have different priority strategies, programs and activities.

 

Keywords: Characteristics, Landscape-Geomorphology, Nature Tourism potential, ADO-ODTWA, Typology based on TALC Butler 1980

 

Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci: Karakteristik, Lanskap-geomorfologi, Potensi Wisata Alam, ADO-ADTWA, Tipologi menurut TALC Butler 1980/Keywords: Characteristics, Landscape-Geomorphology, Nature Tourism potential, ADO-ODTWA, Typology based on TALC Butler 1980