HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI, PENGETAHUAN DAN KEPATUHAN HAND HYGIENE TERHADAP KEJADIAN COVID-19 PERAWAT IGD RSUDAWS SAMARINDA

Firman Syam, dr. Agus Surono, M.Sc., Ph.D., Sp.THT-KL(K); Syahirul Alim, S.Kp., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang: pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di Indonesia bulan April 2022   mencapai 6.018.048 pasien dengan jumla 155.241 orang meninggal dunia. Provinsi Kalimantan timur juga terdampak pandemi COVID-19 diantara korban yang meninggal terdapat 6 orang perawat, yang 4 orang diantaranya berasal dari RSUDAWS samarinda. 2 perawat yang meninggal adalah perawat yang bekerja di IGD RSUDAWS Samarinda. Perawat merupakan profesi penting dalam penanganan pasien COVID-19 di rumah sakit yang mempunyai potensi besar untuk terpapar karena kontak yang lama dan lingkungan kerja yang memiliki resiko tinggi dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan. Persepsi dan pengetahuan yang cukup tentang Hand Hygiene serta tetap patuh melaksanakan Hand Hygiene 5 waktu yang disampaikan oleh WHO adalah hal yang penting untuk terus diterapkan dalam melindungi diri agar tidak terinfeksi Covid-19.

Tujuan penelitian: Mengidentifikasi hubungan antara persepsi, pengetahuan dan kepatuhan Hand Hygiene dengan kejadian COVID-19 pada perawat yang bekerja di IGDRSUDAWS.

Metode penelitian: Metode kuantitatif dan pendekatan potong lintang digunakan dalam riset ini. Pengambilan data dilakukan tanggal 15 Desember 2022 sampai 30 Desember 2022. Pengumpulan data demografi, tingkat persepsi, pengetahuan dan kepatuhan Hand Hygiene perawat menggunakan instrumen yang diterbitkan oleh WHO Perception Survey for Health-Care Workers, Hand Hygiene knowledge questionnaire for health care dan Hand Hygiene Technical Reference Manual. 53 responden didapat setelah menggunakan purposive sampling technique dan melewati kriteria inklusi untuk tenaga perawat yang bersedia menjadi responden.

Hasil penelitian: hasil uji korelasi dengan fisher exact test yang dilakukan menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor demografi, persepsi Hand Hygiene, pengetahuan Hand Hygiene dan kepatuhan Hand Hygiene dengan Infeksi COVID-19

Kesimpulan: tidak ada indikasi adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor demografi, persepsi, pengetahuan dan kepatuhan hand Hygiene dengan infeksi COVID-19 pada perawat yang bekerja di IGD RSUDAWS. Hanya pendidikan dari faktor demografi yang memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan hand hygiene.  Faktor lain yang juga memberi pengaruh dalam transmisi COVID-19 adalah kontak erat yang tinggi antar pekerja dan perawat mengalami burnout, outrage, kelelahan, beban kerja yang tinggi selama pandemi yang berkontribusi pada transmisi infeksi COVID-19.

Kata kunci: Demografi, Persepsi, pengetahuan, kepatuhan, Hand Hygiene, Covid-19

Background: Patients confirmed Covid-19 in Indonesia in April 2022 reached 6,018,048 patients 155,241 people died. East Kalimantan Province was also affected by Covid-19 among the victims who died there were 6 nurses, 4 of whom were from Samarinda Regional Hospital. 2 nurses who died were nurses who worked at the emergency room of Samarinda RSUDAWS. Nurses are an important profession in handling COVID-19 patients in hospitals that have great potential to be exposed due to long contact and work environment that has a high risk of giving nursing care. Enough perceptions and knowledge about hand hygiene and remain obedient to carrying out hand hygiene 5 times delivered by WHO is important to continue to be applied in protecting themselves so as not to be infected with Covid-19.

Research Objectives: Identifying the relationship between demographic factors, perception, knowledge and compliance of hand hygiene with the incidence of Covid-19 at nurses who work at IGDRSUDAWS.

Research Methods: Quantitative methods and cross sectional approaches are used in this research. Data collection was carried out on December 15, 2022 to 30 December 2022. Demographic Data Collection, Perception, Knowledge and Compliance of Hand Hygiene Nurses using instruments published by WHO Perception Survey for Health-Care Workers, Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire for Health Care and Hand Hygiene Technical Manual reference. 53 respondents were obtained after using Purposive Sampling Technique and passed the inclusion criteria for nurses who were willing to become respondents.

RESEARCH RESULTS: The results of the correlation test with the Fisher Exact Test conducted showed that there was no significant relationship between demographic factors, hand hygiene perceptions, hand hygiene knowledge and hand hygiene compliance with Covid-19 infections

Conclusion: There is no indication of a significant relationship between demographic factors, perceptions, knowledge and compliance of hand hygiene with Covid-19 infections in nurses who work at the RSUDAWS emergency room. Only education from demographic factors has a significant relationship with hand hygiene compliance. Another factor that also has an influence in the Covid-19 transmission is that high close contact between workers and nurses experiences burnout, outrage, fatigue, high workload during pandemics that contribute to the transmission of COVID-19 infections.

Keywords: Demographic, Perception, Knowledge, Compliance, Hand Hygiene, Covid-19

Kata Kunci : Demografi, Persepsi, pengetahuan, kepatuhan, Hand Hygiene, Covid-19