BOBOT PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EXPRESSIVE WRITING THERAPY TERHADAP PENURUNAN SKOR BODY IMAGE DISTRESS PADA PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA PASCA MASTEKTOMI DI RSUD RAA SOEWONDO PATI
Nabila Syifa Marta Widanti, dr. Silas Henry Ismanto, Sp.KJ(K); dr. Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi, M.Sc, Sp.KJ
2023 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP PSIKIATRI
Latar belakang: Kanker payudara adalah kanker yang
paling sering didiagnosis di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Operasi
mastektomi atau pengangkatan payudara merupakan tatalaksana kanker payudara
yang dapat menyebabkan Body Image Distress (BID). Pasien kanker payudara
pasca mastektomi yang mengalami BID berisiko mengalami depresi yang dapat
menjadi pemicu terjadinya bunuh diri. Expressive Writing Therapy
merupakan intervensi yang telah terbukti menurunkan skor BID pada pasien kanker
payudara.
Tujuan penelitian: Menganalisis bobot pengaruh pemberian Expressive Writing
Therapy terhadap penurunan
skor Body Image Distress pada pasien kanker payudara pasca
mastektomi di RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati.
Metode: Merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan two group pretest posttest with control group. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien kanker payudara pasca mastektomi di poli bedah onkologi RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati. Skor BID diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen Body Image Scale (BIS). Analisis data menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney dan Uji Regresi Linier. Semua data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 25.
Hasil: Responden penelitian sebanyak 46 subjek (23 subjek kelompok intervensi dan 23 subjek kelompok kontrol). Dari uji Mann Whitney, didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada selisih penurunan skor BID antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (p=0,00). Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan hasil berupa intervensi Expressive Writing Therapy memiliki bobot pengaruh yang paling signifikan secara statistik terhadap penurunan skor BID (p=0,00).
Kesimpulan: Pemberian Expressive Writing
Therapy mempunyai bobot pengaruh yang bermakna sebesar 41,6% terhadap
penurunan skor BID pada pasien kanker payudara pasca mastektomi di RSUD RAA
Soewondo Pati.
Kata kunci: Body Image Distress, Expressive
Writing Therapy, Kanker Payudara, Mastektomi
Background: Female breast cancer has become the most commonly
diagnosed cancer type in the world. Mastectomy as a surgical treatment for
breast cancer may negatively affect a woman’s body image. Post mastectomy
breast cancer patients which leads to Body Image Distress (BID) and depression
were identified as risk factors of suicide mortality. Expressive Writing
Therapy is a psychological intervention that aims to reduce BID scores in
breast cancer patients. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Expressive
Writing Therapy on reducing BID scores in post mastectomy breast cancer
patients at RAA Soewondo Hospital Pati.
Methods: An experimental study with a two group pretest
posttest design with a control group was undertaken at the oncology surgery
clinic at RAA Soewondo Hospital Pati from February to March 2023. There were 46
study subjects who met the inclusion criteria (23 patients on Structured
Expressive Writing Therapy as the intervention group and 23 patients on Unstructured
Expressive Writing Therapy as the control group). The BID score was assessed
with the Body Image Scale (BIS) questionnaire. Bivariate analysis to determine
the effectiveness of the two treatments was analyzed using Mann Whitney Test and
Linear Regression Test. Data analyzed with SPPS version 25.
Results: In this study, there was a significant difference in
BID score reduction among the intervention group and the control group
(p=0,00). In addition, the Structured Expressive Writing Therapy intervention
had the most statistically significant effect on the BID score reduction
(p=0,00).
Conclusion: Expressive Writing Therapy has a significant effect
of 41,6% on reducing the BID score in post mastectomy breast cancer patients at RAA Soewondo Hospital Pati.
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Body Image Distress, Expressive
Writing Therapy, Mastectomy
Kata Kunci : Breast Cancer, Body Image Distress, Expressive Writing Therapy, Mastectomy
