Kinerja Produksi dan Pendapatan Usaha Pengembangbiakan Ternak Domba di Desa Gunungan, Manyaran, Wonogiri

Deny Hermawan, Prof. Dr. Ir. Rini Widiati, MS., IPU.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Sapi dan domba termasuk hewan ruminansia penghasil daging. Permintaan daging sapi terus meningkat dimana saat ini 40?ging sapi masih impor. Oleh karena itu daging domba dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi daging sapi untuk memenuhi permintaan daging yang terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1). mengetahui kinerja produksi pengembangbiakan ternak domba skala kepemilikan 1-4 ekor (kelompok 1) dan diatas 4 ekor (kelompok 2), 2). menentukan pendapatan usaha pengembangbiakan ternak domba di Desa Gunungan, Manyaran, Wonogiri. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling sebanyak 10 responden peternak kelompok 1 dan 10 responden peternak kelompok 2. Metode pengambilan data dengan cara survey wawancara langsung kepada peternak responden menggunakan bantuan kuesioner. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif uji beda nyata kinerja produksi ternak dan pendapatan usaha kelompok 1 dan kelompok 2 dengan menggunakan statistik independent t-test. Analisis pendapatan dengan formula pendapatan bersih = total revenue (TR) - total cost (TC). TR = produksi x harga, TC = biaya tetap + biaya variable. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja produksi yang berupa umur pertama kawin, umur pertama kali beranak, PPE, PPM, S/C, lambing interval, litter size, umur sapih, dan mortalitas prasapih antara kelompok 1 dan kelompok 2 tidak signifikan berbeda nyata (P > 0,10). Pendapatan bersih usaha pengembangbiakan ternak domba secara rata-rata pada kelompok 1 sebesar Rp 777.801/ekor/tahun dan kelompok 2 sebesar Rp 979.293/ekor/tahun, tidak signifikan  berbeda (P>0,10). Kinerja produksi dan pendapatan usaha pengembangbiakan ternak domba pada peternakan rakyat kelompok 1 dan 2 tidak signifikan berbeda.

Cattle and sheep are classified as ruminant animals that produce meat. Demand for beef continues to increase, where currently 40% of beef is still imported. Therefore, lamb can be used as a substitute for beef to meet the increasing demand for meat. This research aims to: 1). determine the production performance of sheep breeding ownership scale of 1-4 heads (group 1) and above 4 heads (group 2), 2). determine the income of sheep breeding business in Gunungan Village, Manyaran, Wonogiri. Samples were selected using purposive sampling, consisting of 10 farmer respondents in group 1 and 10 farmer respondents in group 2. Data was collected through direct interviews with the farmers, using a questionnaire as a survey tool. Data analysis involved descriptive and quantitative methods, including testing for significant differences in the performance of livestock production and conducting an independent t-test to compare the business income between group 1 and group 2. The net income was calculated using the formula: Net Income = Total Revenue (TR) - Total Cost (TC), where TR = production x price, and TC = fixed costs + variable costs. The results indicated that there were no significant differences (P>0,10) in production performance measures such as age at first mating, age at first giving birth, PPE, PPM, S/C, lambing interval, litter size, weaning age, and pre-weaning mortality between group 1 and group 2. The net income for group 1 sheep breeding business was IDR 777,801/head/year, while for group 2 it was IDR 979,293/head/year. The production performance and income of the sheep breeding smallholder farms  on group 1 and 2 were not significantly different.

Kata Kunci : kinerja produksi, pengembangbiakan, domba, pendapatan