RESPON PEMERINTAH KALURAHAN TERHADAP ISU PENTING YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Raden Prabowo Yoga Pratama, Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Pembangunan YIA tidak hanya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas bandara di DIY, tetapi juga untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan transportasi di jalur selatan Jawa, khususnya Yogyakarta dan Jawa Tengah bagian selatan dan barat daya, serta sebagai katalisator pendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi Yogyakarta. Mayoritas masyarakat desa yang terdampak merespon pembangunan tersebut secara positif, namun, isu terkait pembangunan infrastruktur YIA yang ditemui di sekitar bandara saat ini cenderung memberikan dampak negatif. Kalurahan, sebagai lembaga pemerintahan terkecil yang terdampak akibat adanya pembangunan bandara, dituntut harus responsif dalam menghadapi dinamika pembangunan di wilayahnya, sehingga isu yang mengarah pada dampak negatif yang dirasakan masyarakat bisa diperkecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi isu terkait infrastruktur Yogyakarta International Airport terhadap kalurahan serta menganalisis respon pemerintah kalurahan terhadap infrastruktur Yogyakarta International Airport. Responden kunci merupakan Tim 11 yang berasal dari Kalurahan Sindutan, Palihan, Glagah, dan Kebonrejo, yaitu orang yang dianggap berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan perencanaan pembangunan desa. Metode Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi isu yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut sehingga diketahui isu strategis di masing-masing wilayah, sedangkan wawancara mendalam dilakukan untuk menganalisis respon pemerintah kalurahan. Selain itu, teknik triangulasi sumber dan dokumen dilakukan untuk menguji keabsahan informasi yang diperoleh. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa isu yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut cenderung sama, meliputi pemangkasan karyawan, peningkatan jumlah pendatang baru, banjir di sekitar bandara, NJOP naik, penipuan investasi, peningkatan jumlah pengangguran dan minat pendidikan lanjut. Meskipun demikian, respon pemerintah terhadap isu strategis yang dirasakan oleh kalurahan di sekitar Yogyakarta International Airport berbeda – beda, menyesuaikan karakteristik masing – masing kalurahan dan isu strategis yang dihadapi.

YIA’s infrastructure development in Kulonprogo Regency aims to increase airport capacity in DIY and accommodate transportation needs in the southern Java route, specifically Yogyakarta and Central Java in the south and southwest. Moreover, it also is a catalyst driving Yogyakarta's economic growth. The majority of the affected village communities responded positively to the development, however, current issues related to YIA's infrastructure development tended to have a negative impact. Kalurahan, as the smallest government institution affected by the construction of an airport, is required to be responsive in dealing with development dynamics in the area, so that issues that lead to negative impacts felt by the community can be minimized. This study aims to identify issues related to Yogyakarta International Airports infrastructure in the urban village and to analyze the response of the urban village government to the YIA infrastructure. Key respondents were the Tim 11, who were considered influential in village development planning activities and came from the Sindutan, Palihan, Glagah, and Kebonrejo sub-districts. The Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) method was used to identify issues that occurred in the area and identify the strategic issues in each region, while in-depth interviews were conducted to analyze the response of the sub-district government. In addition, triangulation techniques were carried out to test the validity of the information obtained. The results show that the issues that occur in the region tend to be the same, including employee cuts, an increase in the number of newcomers, flooding around the airport, an increase in NJOP, investment fraud, and an increase in the number of unemployed and interest in further education. Nevertheless, the government's response to the strategic issues happening around Yogyakarta International Airport is different, adjusting the characteristics of each village and its own strategic issues.

Kata Kunci : isu pembangunan bandara, respon kalurahan, YIA