Pengaruh Model Edukasi Kesehatan Partisipasi Aktif Suami Istri (PAKSI) terhadap Identitas Peran Ibu pada Ibu Usia Remaja di Yogayakarta
Warsiti, Intansari Nurjannah, S.Kp., MN.Sc., Ph.D ; Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D
2023 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Kedokteran
Latar Belakang: Ibu usia remaja berisiko mengalami masalah penyesuaian peran dan pencapaian identitas peran ibu yang berpengaruh terhadap praktik pengasuhan positif dan kesejahteraan ibu dan bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun model edukasi kesehatan partisipasi aktif suami istri untuk meningkatkan identitas peran ibu yang dioperasionalkan sebagai konstruksi laten yang terdiri dari tiga indikator, yaitu role validation, identity salience, dan role strain.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed methods dengan pendekatan sequential exploratory. Penelitian kualitatif menggunakan desain fenomenologi dan penelitian kuantitatif dengan quasi experiment non equivalent control group design. Indepth interview kepada ibu usia remaja, suami ibu usia remaja, orang tua ibu usia remaja, dan FGD pada bidan. Subjek penelitian kuantitatif adalah ibu hamil usia remaja trimester 3 sebanyak 32 responden intervensi dan 32 responden kontrol. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan dependent sample t test, general linear model (GLM) repeated measure dan path analysis.
Hasil: Analisis kualitatif menemukan tiga tema, yaitu: 1) dinamika dalam menjalani masa transisi menjadi ibu; 2) pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak; dan 3) harapan dan kebutuhan terhadap pelayanan edukasi kesehatan ibu dan anak. Terdapat perbedaan rerata skor (p<0> (role validation, identity salience dan role strain), pengetahuan, hubungan interparental, fungsi keluarga, dan keterlibatan suami pada minggu ke-4 dan minggu ke-6 setelah kelahiran bayi pada kelompok intervensi. Berdasarkan dua waktu follow up model edukasi kesehatan partisipasi aktif suami istri berpengaruh signifikan meningkatkan role validation 48,5 % (p<0>identity salience 38,2% (p<0>role strain 24,7% (p<0 p=0,001), p=0,015),>
Kesimpulan: Edukasi kesehatan partisipasi aktif suami istri berpengaruh signifikan terhadap identitas peran ibu (role validation, identity salience dan role strain), pengetahuan, hubungan interparental, fungsi keluarga, dan keterlibatan suami. Selanjutnya, hubungan interparental yang baik dapat meningkatkan identitas peran ibu.
Background: Adolescent mothers have the risk of experiencing problems in role adjustment and achievement of maternal role identity which affects positive parenting practices and maternal welfare. The purpose of the study is to develop a health education model for active participation of husband and wife in order to increase maternal role identity. Maternal role identity is operationalized as a latent construct composed of of three indicators representing role validation, identity salience, and role strain.
Method: The study was mixed methods study with a sequential exploratory approach. The qualitative study used phenomenological design and the quantitative study was quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design. In-depth interviews were done with adolescent mothers; adolescent mothers’ husband, adolescent mothers’ parents, and FGD with midwives. Subjects in the quantitative study were pregnant women who were in their third trimester and were divided into 32 intervention respondents and 32 control respondents. The quantitative analysis was dependent sample t test, general linear model (GLM) repeated measure, and path analysis.
Result: The qualitative analysis found three themes, namely 1) the dynamics of going through the transition to motherhood, 2) maternal and child health services, and 3) expectations and needs for maternal and child health education services. There were differences in mean scores on the variables of maternal role identity (role validation, identity salience and role strain), knowledge, interparental relationships, family function, and husband's involvement at week four and week six (p<0 p=0,001), p=0,015)>
Conclusion: Health education on husband and wife’s active participation has a significant effect on the achievement of maternal role identity (role validation, identity salience and role strain), knowledge, interparental relationships, family function, and husband's involvement. Furthermore, the quality of good interparental relationships can improve the attainment of maternal role identity
Kata Kunci : identitas peran ibu, ibu usia remaja, edukasi kesehatan, partisipasi aktif suami istri/ maternal role identity, adolescent mothers, health education, husband and wife's active participation
