Kepuasan Petani Terhadap Pelaksanaan Program Kartu Tani di Kabupaten Kudus

MAULIDA SURAYYA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Edhi Martono, M.Sc.; Subejo, S.P.,M.Sc., Ph.D.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Penyuluhan dan Komunikasi Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pelaksanaan Program Kartu Tani serta faktor pendorong maupun kendala dalam aplikasinya, menganalisis kepuasan petani dalam pelaksanaan pemanfaatan Kartu Tani, serta menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang memengaruhi kepuasan petani dalam pelaksanaan Program Kartu Tani. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Kudus pada bulan Oktober-November. Sampel petani dipilih secara simple random sampling. Total responden mencapai 135 petani dan 10 informan untuk pengambilan data kualitatif. Metode dasar penelitian yaitu mixed method. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis Customer Satisfaction Indeks (CSI), dengan indikator yang sudah disesuaikan untuk penelitian sosial khususnya terkait Program Kartu Tani. Analisis lainnya menggunakan uji proporsi, serta analisis jalur (path analysis). 

Faktor pendukung maupun kendala dalam aplikasi pelaksanaan Program Kartu Tani dibagi menjadi empat tahapan, diantaranya: 1) Sosialisasi, melalui koordinasi antar stakeholder yang berjalan baik, kendala yaitu penggunaan Kartu Tani awalnya belum diwajibkan; 2) Pendataan, faktor pendorong yaitu SDM penyuluh, akses teknologi, pendampingan penyusunan Rencana Definitif Kebutuhan Kelompok (RDKK), integrasi aplikasi. Kendala meliputi penggandaan Nomor Objek Pajak (NOP), tidak menunjukkan Surat Pemberitahuan Pajak Terhutang (SPPT). RDKK kurang presisi, pembatasan akses; 3) Pencetakan dan distribusi memiliki faktor pendorong terdapatnya SOP, monitoring dan evaluasi. Kendala yang dihadapi yaitu kesibukan petani dan tidak terbiasa dengan aktivitas perbankan; 4) Penebusan, dengan faktor pendorong peran proaktif Kios Pupuk Lengkap (KPL), transparansi pelaporan, dan kendala yang berupa permasalahan teknis dan rotasi pegawai. 

Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji CSI menunjukkan kepuasan masyarakat memiliki nilai 46,02 persen, berada pada kategori cukup puas. Berdasarkan rerata tingkat capaian kepuasan, pada program masuk kategori tidak puas, pada proses dan fasilitator masuk kategori cukup puas dan kepuasan terhadap sarana prasarana masuk kategori puas. Dari hasil uji proporsi didapatkan nilai Z hitung sebesar 1,614 kurang dari Z tabel sebesar 1,645 yang diartikan Ho diterima dan Ha gagal diterima. Kurang dari sama dengan 50 persen petani memiliki kepuasan yang rendah dalam pelaksanaan pemanfaatan Kartu Tani. Kartu Tani memiliki kelabihan dan kekurangan dalam pelaksanaannya, pemerintah ke depannya berupaya untuk membuat pelaksanaan Kartu Tani lebih baik. Dari hasil analisis jalur didapatkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap kepuasan petani meliputi usia, tingkat pendidikan, sikap, motivasi, peran penyuluh dan peran perbankan. Peran penyuluh memiliki nilai pengaruh paling tinggi dengan nilai besar pengaruh 0,329. 

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Kartu Tani Program as well as the driving factors and constraints in its application, analyze farmer satisfaction in the implementation of the use of the Kartu Tani, and analyze internal and external factors that influence farmer satisfaction in the implementation of Kartu Tani Program. The research was conducted in Kudus Regency in October-November. Farmer samples were selected by simple random sampling. The Total respondents reached 135 farmers and 10 informants for qualitative data collection. The basic research method is a mixed method. The data analysis method uses Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) analysis, with indicators that have been adjusted for social research, especially related to Kartu Tani Program. Other analysis uses the proportion test, as well as path analysis. 

Supporting factors and obstacles in the application of the implementation of Kartu Tani Program is divided into four stages, including  1) Socialization, through coordination between stakeholders that went well, the obstacle is that initially the use of Kartu Tani is not mandatory; 2) Data collection, the driving factors are extension workers, access to technology, Definitive Plan of Group Needs (RDKK) preparation assistance, application integration. Constraints include duplication of Tax Object Number (NOP), not showing Notice of Tax Payable (SPPT), lack of precision RDKK, access restrictions; 3) Printing and distribution have the driving factors of Standard Operating Procedures, monitoring, and evaluation. The constraints faced are farmers busy schedule and unfamiliarity with banking activities; 4) Redemption, with the driving factor of the proactive role of Complete Fertilizer Kiosk (KPL), transparency of reporting, and constraints in the form of technical problems and employee rotation. 

The results of the research using the CSI test show that community satisfaction has a value of 46,02 percent and is in the quite satisfied category. Based on the average level of satisfaction achievement, the program is in the dissatisfied category, the process and facilitators are in the quite satisfied category, and satisfaction with infrastructure facilities is in the quite satisfied category. From the results of the proportion test, the value of Z counts 1,614 less than Z table 1,645, which means Ho is accepted and Ha fails to be accepted. Less than equal to 50 percent of farmers have low satisfaction with the implementation of Tani Card utilization. Kartu Tani Program has advantages and disadvantages in its implementation, the government in the future seeks to make the implementation of Kartu Tani better. From the results of path analysis, it is found that the variables that directly affect satisfaction include age, education level, attitude, motivation, the role of extension workers and the role of banks. The role of extension workers has the highest influence value with a large influence value of 0,329. 

 

Kata Kunci : CSI, Kepuasan Petani, Kabupaten Kudus, Program Kartu Tani