PENGARUH JENIS KELAMIN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KARKAS DAN NON KARKAS AYAM HASIL PERSILANGAN MERAWANG DAN KUB PADA UMUR POTONG BERBEDA

LUTHFI LUBI HANDIKO, Ir. Edi Suryanto, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin terhadap karakteristik karkas dan non karkas ayam hasil persilangan Merawang dan KUB pada umur potong berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor ayam jantan dan betina hasil persilangan Merawang dan KUB yang berumur 8 minggu dan 10 minggu. Pemeliharaan ayam tersebut dilakukan di Sinduadi, Sleman dengan perlakuan yang sama. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Daging Fakultas Peternakan UGM. Pengamatan karakteristik karkas dan non karkas meliputi bobot karkas, persentase karkas. persentase non karkas, persentase komposisi karkas yang meliputi dada, paha atas, paha bawah, sayap dan punggung, dan persentase komposisi non karkas yang meliputi kepala dan leher, ceker, usus bersih, hati, ampela, dan jantung. Analisis data dilakukan dengan variansi pola faktorial 2x2 dibantu dengan aplikasi Stastitical Program for Social Science (SPSS) versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata persentase karkas ayam penelitian jantan dan betina yaitu 57,30 ± 2,00% dan 56,20 ± 2,39%. Rerata persentase karkas ayam penelitian pada umur potong 8 minggu dan 10 minggu adalah 54,90 ± 1,10% dan 58,60 ± 1,26%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata persentase non karkas ayam penelitian jantan dan betina yaitu 42,70 ± 2,00% dan 43,80 ± 2,39%. Rerata persentase non karkas ayam penelitian pada umur potong 8 minggu dan 10 minggu adalah 45,10 ± 1,10% dan 41,40 ± 1,26%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis kelamin berpengaruh (P<0,05) terhadap bobot karkas, persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, komposisi karkas, dan komposisi non karkas kecuali hati dan ampela. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan umur potong berpengaruh (P<0,05) terhadap bobot karkas, persentase karkas, komposisi karkas kecuali sayap, paha atas, paha bawah, dan punggung dan komposisi non karkas kecuali kepala leher, ceker, ampela, dan jantung.

This study aims to determine the effect of sexes on carcass and non-carcass characteristics of merawang and kub crossbreed chickens at different slaughter ages. This study used 20 male and female chickens from cross-breeding between Merawang and KUB aged 8 weeks and 10 weeks. The rearing of the chickens was carried out in Sinduadi, Sleman with the same treatment. The research was carried out at the Laboratory of Meat Science and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science UGM. Observation of carcass and non-carcass characteristics includes carcass weight, carcass percentage. non-carcass percentage, percentage of carcass composition which includes breast, upper thigh, lower thigh, wings and back, and percentage of non-carcass composition which includes head and neck, claws, clean intestine, liver, gizzard, and heart. Data analysis was carried out using the 2x2 factorial pattern variance assisted by the application of the Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. The results showed that the average carcass percentages of male and female research chickens were 57.30 ± 2.00% and 56.20 ± 2.39%. The results showed that the percentage of carcasses of the research chickens at the slaughter age of 8 weeks and 10 weeks were 54.90 ± 1.10% and 58.60 ± 1.26%. The results showed that the average non-carcass percentage of male and female research chickens was 42.70 ± 2.00% and 43.80 ± 2.39%. The results showed that the percentage of non-carcass chickens at the slaughter age of 8 weeks and 10 weeks was 45.10 ± 1.10% and 41.40 ± 1.26%. The results showed that gender had an effect (P<0.05) on carcass weight, carcass percentage, non-carcass percentage, carcass composition and non-carcass composition except liver and gizzard. The results showed that slaughtering age had an effect (P<0.05) on carcass weight, carcass percentage, carcass composition except for wings, upper thighs, lower thighs and back and non-carcass composition except for head, neck, claws, gizzards and heart.

Kata Kunci : Ayam Merawang, Ayam KUB, Jenis Kelamin, Umur Potong, Karkas, Non Karkas/Merawang Chicken, KUB Chicken, Sex, Slaughter Ages, Carcass, Non Carcass