KARAKTERISASI STABILITAS NYALA API DIFUSI PEMBAKARAN B0 DAN B100 PADA SWIRLER BURNER BERBASIS IMAGE PROCESSING

WISNU HOZAIFA HASAN, Dr. Ir. Jayan Sentanuhady, S.T., M.Eng., IPU., ASEAN Eng. ; Shakti Nuryadin, S.T., M.Eng.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK MESIN

Kebutuhan energi dunia semakin meningkat sementara cadangan bahan bakar fosil semakin berkurang, sehingga diperlukan energi alternatif yang dapat diperbarui. Biodiesel sebagai energi potensial alternatif terbarukan masih memiliki tantangan dalam penerapannya karena sulitnya mengetahui karakteristik beserta fenomena nyala api yang terjadi. Konfigurasi burner yang tepat masih sangat terbatas, serta pembakaran difusi yang sulit mencapai homogenitas campuran. Sehingga penelitian ini berfokus pada mengetahui karakteristik dan stabilitas nyala api proses pembakaran pada swirler burner. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan swirler burner dengan nozel 5 gph. Udara dialirkan dari blower dengan 7 variasi kecepatan yang berbeda. Selain itu divariasikan juga geometri swirler berdasarkan perbedaan diameter dalamnya. Proses pembakaran menggunakan bahan bakar B0 dan B100 yang kemudian dianalisis karakteristiknya melalui teknik image processing menggunakan MATLAB. Karakteristik nyala api merujuk pada fenomena ignition delay dan panjang nyala api. Sedangkan stabilitasnya mengacu pada fenomena kestabilan nyala api mencakup fenomena lift-off, break-up, dan blow-out flame. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik ignition delay semakin singkat, dan panjang nyala api semakin jauh seiring dengan peningkatan equivalence ratio menuju nilai yang stoikiometrik. Adapun B0 memiliki ignition delay lebih lama, serta panjang nyala api lebih pendek dibandingkan B100. Sementara itu, semakin besar diameter dalam swirler mengakibatkan ignition delay semakin lama, panjang nyala api semakin pendek, dan nyala api lebih fluktuatif. Fenomena break-up, lift-off, dan blow-out terjadi selama pengujian pembakaran.

The world's energy demand is increasing while fossil fuel reserves are decreasing, making renewable alternative energy sources necessary. Biodiesel, as a potential renewable alternative energy source, still faces challenges in its application due to the difficulty in understanding its characteristics and flame phenomena. The appropriate burner configuration is still very limited, and achieving homogeneity in the diffusion combustion is difficult. Therefore, this study focuses on understanding the characteristics and flame stability of the combustion process on a swirler burner. This research was conducted using a swirler burner with a 5 gph nozzle. Air was supplied from a blower at seven different velocities. In addition, the geometry of the swirler was varied based on differences in its inner diameter. The combustion process used both B0 and B100 fuels, which were then analyzed for their characteristics using image processing techniques with MATLAB. Flame characteristics refer to the ignition delay and flame length phenomena, while stability refers to the phenomena of flame lift-off, break-up, and blow-out. The results show that the ignition delay becomes shorter and the flame length becomes longer as the equivalence ratio approaches stoichiometric values. B0 has a longer ignition delay and a shorter flame length than B100. Meanwhile, increasing the swirler's inner diameter results in a longer ignition delay, shorter flame length, and more fluctuating flame. The phenomena of break-up, lift-off, and blow-out occurred during the combustion test.

Kata Kunci : biodiesel, karakterisasi, stabilitas, swirler burner, image processing ; biodiesel, characterization, stabilization, swirler burner, image processing