Hand Skin Symptoms Prevalence in Health Workers Stationed in COVID-19 Wards and Polyclinics Compared to Health Workers Stationed Outside COVID-19 Wards and Polyclinics in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital

AULIA AZKA ALFAFA, dr. Agnes Rosarina Prita Sari, M.Phil; dr. Yudha Nur Patria, DCH, MMed (Clin Epi), MMS, PhD

2023 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar belakang: Dermatitis kontak terkait pekerjaan adalah keluhan kulit terkait pekerjaan terbanyak, dengan mayoritas keluhan melibatkan daerah kulit tangan. Pemicu iritasi yang paling sering dalam lingkungan kerja tenaga medis adalah air, zat pembersih tangan, dan sarung tangan, yang sering digunakan dalam penanganan COVID-19. Dermatitis kontak terkait pekerjaan adalah sebab dari 25% hari kerja hilang, dan oleh karena itu penting untuk ditangani dan dihindari. Meskipun begitu, masalah ini sering terabaikan di Indonesia, termasuk saat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperhatikan kejadian kulit daerah tangan pada tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur dan membandingkan prevalensi keluhan kulit daerah tangan pada tenaga kesehatan dalam bangsal dan poli COVID-19 dengan tenaga kesehatan di luar bangsal dan poli COVID-19, sekaligus mencari faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kejadian keluhan kulit daerah tangan. Metode: Dua ratus tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di RSUP (Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat) dr. Sardjito ikut serta dalam penelitian potong lintang menggunakan kuesioner NOSQ-2002 (Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire version 2002) versi panjang yang diubah dan diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Indonesia secara daring. Hasil: Seratus lima puluh jawaban kuesioner didapatkan dari tenaga kesehatan. Keluhan kulit daerah tanga lebih sering terjadi pada tenaga kesehatan dalam bangsal dan poli COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio: 23,031, p: <0,001). Selain itu, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian keluhan kulit daerah tangan pada tenaga kesehatan adalah jenis kelamin (adjusted odds ratio untuk laki-laki: 0,095, p: 0,003) dan paparan zat pemicu iritasi (adjusted odds ratio untuk yang terpapar: 3,93, p: 0,041). Kesimpulan: Keluhan kulit daerah tanga lebih sering terjadi pada tenaga kesehatan dalam bangsal dan poli COVID-19. Faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kejadian keluhan kulit daerah tangan pada tenaga kesehatan adalah jenis kelamin dan paparan zat pemicu iritasi di lingkungan kerja. Penanganan dan pencegahan keluhan kulit daerah tangan pada tenaga kerja dapat dilakukan dengan edukasi mengenai adaptasi cara mencuci tangan dan penyediaan pelembab kulit dan/atau obat-obatan kulit.

Background: Occupational contact dermatitis is the most frequent case for occupational dermatoses, and most of the cases involve the hand. In health workers, the most common offending agents are water, hand cleansers, and gloves, which are increasingly used to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Occupational contact dermatitis contributes for 25% lost workdays, making it important to be treated and prevented. However, the issue seems to be overlooked in Indonesia, including in the COVID-19 pandemic era. This study aimed to investigate the issue, observing occupational skin symptoms on the hands in a hospital in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The study aimed to measure and compare hand skin symptoms prevalence in health workers stationed in COVID-19 wards and polyclinics to those outside COVID-19 wards and polyclinics in dr. Sardjito General Hospital, as well as determining other factors influencing hand skin symptoms occurrence in the health workers. Method: Two hundred health workers in dr. Sardjito General Hospital were included in the cross-sectional study and were to fill the modified and Indonesian-translated Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire version 2002 (long version) questionnaire distributed online. Results: One hundred and fifty health workers responded and submitted the questionnaire. Hand skin symptoms were more frequent in health workers stationed in COVID-19 wards and polyclinics (adjusted odds ratio: 23,031, p: <0,001). Additionally, gender (adjusted odds ratio for males: 0,095, p: 0,003) and exposure to irritants at work (adjusted odds ratio for those exposed: 3,93, p: 0,041) were factors that influenced hand skin symptoms� occurrence in the health workers. Conclusion: Hand skin symptoms were more frequently found in health workers stationed in COVID-19 wards and polyclinics. Other factors that influenced hand symptoms� occurrence were health workers� gender and exposure to irritants at work. Prevention and management of hand skin symptoms in healthcare workers include educating about hand hygiene changes to prevent skin complaints as well as provision of moisturizers or other skin medications.

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, hand skin symptoms, health workers, dr. Sardjito General Hospital