PEMANFAATAN CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC) DARI SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR PEMBUATAN EDIBLE FILM

Ida Kusumawati, Dr. Eng. Annie Mufyda Rahmatika, S. T., M. T.

2023 | Tugas Akhir | D4 Pengembangan Produk Agroindustri

Edible film menjadi alternatif bahan kemasan primer yang berpotensi untuk mengurangi volume penggunaan plastik konvensional, khususnya pada segmen packaging. Edible film berbasis Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) dalam penelitian ini menggunakan CMC yang disintesis dari selulosa sekam padi. Namun, edible film berbahan dasar CMC saja tidak bisa dijadikan sebagai bahan baku edible film sehingga perlu dilakukan penambahan plasticizer dan crosslinking agent. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi plasticizer PEG 400 dan asam sitrat sebagai crosslinking agent terhadap karakteristik edible film yang dihasilkan. Karakteristik edible film yang diukur yaitu ketebalan, densitas, kuat tarik, elongasi, dan WVTR. Sintesis edible film dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi PEG 400 (0%, 0,5%, 0,75%, dan 1%), kemudian dilakukan sintesis edible film dengan variasi konsentrasi asam sitrat (0%, 10%, 20% dan 30%). Karakteristik edible film seperti ketebalan, densitas, dan kuat tarik yang dihasilkan sudah memenuhi nilai Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). Penambahan PEG 400 berpengaruh terhadap kuat tarik dan WVTR edible film. Penambahan asam sitrat hingga 30% (w/w) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ketebalan, densitas, kuat tarik, elongasi, dan WVTR.

The edible film is an alternative primary packaging material that has the potential to reduce the volume of conventional plastic use, especially in the packaging segment. The edible films based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) used CMC synthesized from rice husk cellulose. However, edible films just made from CMC cannot be used as raw materials for edible films, so it is necessary to add plasticizers and crosslinking agents. The objectives of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of PEG 400 as a plasticizer and citric acid as a crosslinking agent on the characteristics of edible film. The characteristics of the edible film that were measured were thickness, density, tensile strength, elongation, and WVTR. Edible film synthesis was carried out with variations in concentrations of PEG 400 (0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%), then synthesis of edible films was carried out with variations in citric acid concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). The characteristics of the edible film such as thickness, density, and tensile strength produced have met the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) values. The addition of PEG 400 has an effect on the tensile strength and WVTR of edible films. The addition of citric acid up to 30% (w/w) had no significant effect in thickness, density, tensile strength, elongation, and WVTR values.

Kata Kunci : edible film, sekam padi, selulosa, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)