Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Nelayan di Pantai Baron Kabupaten Gunungkidul

ALBERTO SINAGA, Ir. Hery Saksono, M.A.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA AKUATIK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: a) mendeskripsikan kegiatan penangkapan ikan oleh nelayan pemilik perahu di Pantai Baron selama satu tahun (November 2021-November 2022), b) mengetahui fluktuasi pendapatan nelayan pada sektor perikanan, dan c) mengidentifikasi ragam sumber pendapatan dari sektor nonperikanan. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Responden dipilih dengan metode sensus, dengan kriteria sebagai pemilik perahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa musim penangkapan di Pantai Baron dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu musim apung (Mei-Juli), paceklik (Agustus), dan dasaran (September-April). Jenis alat tangkap yang digunakan beragam, menyesuaikan dengan musim. Alat tangkap jaring ciker ukuran 2 inci dan pancing rawai digunakan pada musim apung. Alat tangkap jaring ciker ukuran 2 inci, jaring serang ukuran 5-6,5 inci, jaring nilon, jaring kanyut, dan krendet digunakan pada saat musim dasaran. Produksi ikan tangkap tertinggi pada Februari 2022, sebesar 13.809,6 kg dan terendah pada Mei 2022, sebesar 1.580,7 kg. Rata-rata nelayan pemilik perahu berusia 46-55 tahun (36%), berpendidikan SMP (49%), dan memiliki rumah dengan status hak milik (68%). Nelayan memiliki pekerjaan sampingan di luar perikanan tangkap, di antaranya penyedia jasa penyeberangan (44%), petani (26%), peternak (20%), pedagang (4%), anggota SAR (2%), penyedia jasa pijat (2%), dan buruh (2%). Pendapatan nelayan berfluktuasi, pendapatan rata-rata tertinggi pada Januari 2022 yaitu sebesar Rp.6.803.739 dan terendah pada Mei 2022 sebesar Rp.1.487.483.

This study aims to: a) describe fishing activities by fisherman who own boats on Baron Beach for one year (November 2021-November 2022), b) find out fluctuations in fishermen's income in the fisheries sector, and c) identify various sources of income from the non-fishery sector. Collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Respondents were selected using the census method, with the criteria of being a boat owner. The results showed that the fishing season at Baron Beach was divided into three, namely floating season (May-July), dry season (August), and bottom season (September-April). The type of fishing gear used varies according to the season. Ciker nets measuring 2 Inches and longline fishing gear are used during the floating season. Ciker nets measuring 2 Inches, attack nets measuring 5-6.5 Inches, nylon nets, drift nets, and krendet are used during the bottom season. The highest capture fish production was in February 2022, amounting to 13,809.6 kg and the lowest was in May 2022, amounting to 1,580.7 kg. The average fisherman who owns a boat is 46-55 years old (36%), has a junior high school education (49%), and owns a house (68%). Fishermen have side jobs outside of capture fisheries, including ferry service providers (44%), farmers (26%), breeders (20%), traders (4%), SAR members (2%), massage service providers (2% ), and laborers (2%). Fishermen's income fluctuates, the highest average income in January 2022 is IDR 6,803,739 and the lowest is in May 2022 amounting to IDR 1,487,483.

Kata Kunci : Gunungkidul, Nelayan Pemilik perahu, Pantai Baron, Sosial Ekonomi