KINERJA INDUK KAMBING DI DESA SUMBERWULUH, CANDIPURO, LUMAJANG, JAWA TIMUR

BUNGA PUTRI SEPWIATI, Ir. Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja induk kambing di Desa Sumberwuluh, Candipuro, Lumajang, Jawa Timur. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2022. Penelitian melibatkan 78 orang peternak sebagai responden beserta 125 ekor induk kambing yang dimilikinya. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dan pengamatan langsung yang meliputi karakteristik peternak, sistem pemeliharaan, dan kinerja induk. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 55,13% peternak tergolong dalam usia produktif, 60,26% peternak merupakan lulusan SD, 58,97% rata-rata pengalaman peternak lebih dari 10 tahun, 94,87% segmen pemeliharaan untuk pembiakan, 73,08% tujuan beternak sebagai sampingan, dan sebanyak 48,72% peternak belum mengenali ciri-ciri birahi dengan baik. Pemeliharaan 100% dilakukan di kandang panggung dan pemberian pakan 100% berupa hijauan. Perkawinan 100% dilakukan secara alami. Hasil penelitian terhadap kinerja induk menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata umur induk adalah 24,64�±8,71 bulan, umur pertama birahi induk adalah 11,24�±4,48 bulan, umur pertama kawin adalah 12,14�±4,50 bulan, umur pertama beranak adalah 18,75�±4,83 bulan, lama bunting adalah 6,38�±0,96 bulan, siklus estrus adalah 26,62�±14,46 hari, service per conception (S/C) sebesar 1,93�±0,83 kali, interval kelahiran adalah 9,52�±2,80 bulan, litter size sebesar 2,90�±0,69 ekor post partum estrus adalah 119,61�±57,02 hari, post partum mating adalah 127,81�±63,10 hari, bobot lahir sebesar 5,43�±1,13 kg, umur sapih adalah 4,57�±1,61 bulan, dan bobot sapih sebesar 15,88�±5,66 kg. Disimpulkan bahwa kinerja induk di Desa Sumberwuluh sudah sesuai dengan standar, tetapi variasinya masih tinggi, khususnya pada PPE dan PPM.

This study aimed to determine the reproductive performance of does in Sumberwuluh Village, Candipuro District, Lumajang Regency, East Java Province. This research was conducted for 30 days, from October to November 2022. The study was conducted by an interview and direct observation of 78 farmers who were used as respondents, and their 125 does were used in this study. The collecting data included farmers' characteristics, rising management system, and does performance. The data were collected by interview. The result showed that 55.13% of farmers were in productive age, 60.26% of farmers were elementary school graduates, 58.97% had an average experience of more than ten years, 94.87% were in the breeding segment, 73.08% of the purpose of raising livestock is as a side job, and 48.72% of breeders did not recognize the characteristics of estrus well. The maintenance of does was 100% kept in a stilt shed and 100% fed in the form of forage. The mating is 100% done naturally. The reproduction performances of does showed that the average age of the does was 24.64�±8.71 months, the first estrus age was 11.24�±4.48 months, the first age of mating was 12.14�±4.50 months, the first age of kidding was 18.75�±4.83 months, the gestation period was 6.38�±0.96 months, estrus cycle was 26.62�±14.46 days, service per conception was 1.93�±0.83 times, kidding interval was 9.52�±2.80 months, litter size was 2.90�±0.69 heads, postpartum estrus was 119.61�±57.02 days, postpartum mating was 127.81�±63.10 days, birth and weaning weight were 5.43�±1.13 kg and 15.88�±5.66 kg, and weaning age was 4.57�±1.61 months. It is concluded that the does performance in Sumberwuluh Village is categorized as good enough even though there is a high variation value of the performance, especially at postpartum estrus and postpartum mating.

Kata Kunci : Kambing, Kinerja Induk, Karakteristik Peternak, Sistem Pemeliharaan, Lumajang.