Pengaruh Teknik Budidaya Terhadap Keberhasilan Agroforestry di Lokasi transmigrasi Kerang Tampakan, Kalimantan Timur

Marthinus Rudji Lambung, Dr.Ir. Mohamad S

1992 | Skripsi | S2 Ilmu Kehuatanan

Pengolahan tanah, pemupukan dan penanaman dengansistem agroforestry di lokasi transmigrasi lahan keringmenarik untuk diteliti, karena keterpaduan pada sistemagroforestry dapat meningkatkan produksi pangan, kayu danpakan ternak sekaligus menjaga stabllltas lahan. Penelitianini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengolahantanah dan pemupukan terhadap pertumbuhan sengon laut(Paraserianthes falcataria) dan lamtoro gung (Leucaenaleucocephala) serta produksi jagung dan kacang tanah padaslstem agroforestry. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan petak terbagibagi(split-split plot design), yaitu tanah tanpa diolah(T0) dan tanah diolah (T1) merupakan petak utama (mainplots). Sedangkan anak petak terdiri dari perlakuan tanpa pupuk kotoran ayam (M0) dan diberi pupuk kotoran ayam 10 ton/ha (sub plots), 4 aras dosis pupuk Eosfat yaitu 0 kg TSP/ha (P 0), 200 kg TSP/ha (P1), 400 kg TSP/ha (P2) dan 600 kg TSP/ha (P3) merupakan bagian anak petak (sub-sub plot). Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali dan data hasil penelitian diolah dengan analisis ragam (analysis of variance). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan tanah tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi sengon laut, namun sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan diameternya dan tinggi serta diameter lamtoro gung. Juga berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap produksi/ha dan berat pipilan/100 butir jagung dan kacang tanah. Pemberian pupuk kotoran ayam 10 ton/ha sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi dan diameter sengon laut dan lamtoro gung, juga terhadap produksi dan berat pipllan kering jagung dan kacang tanah. Pemberian pupuk fosfat dalam bentuk TSP dengan kadar P2o5 46% pada 4 aras (P0 , P1, P2, P3), menunjukkan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggl dan diameter sengon laut dan lamtoro gung serta produksi dan berat pipilan kering jagung dan kacang tanah. Komblnasi perlakuan pengolahan tanah, pemberlan pupuk kotoran ayam dan pupuk fosfat, berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap perturnbuhan tinggi dan diameter larntoro gung. Namun tiddk berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi dan diameter sengon laut. Juga berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap produksi jagung dan kacang tanah serta berat pipilan kering jagung, narnun tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat pipilan kering kacang tanah.

Land preparation, fertilization and cultivation under upland condition in transmigration area under the context of agroforestry are interesting subject to be studied as the integrated approach under agroforestry may increase the production of food, wood and forage, as well as maintaining soil fertility. This study was aimed to examine the effects of land preparation and fertilization on the growth of Paraserianthes falcataria and Leucaena leucoceohala as well as the yield of corn and peanut under agroforestry system. A split-split-plot design with three replications was adopted. Land preparation, with (T1) and without (T 0 ) was assigned to the main plots. Chicken manure, either applied at 10 ton/ha (M1) or without (M 0 ) was_ given to the subplots. Four levels (P 0 , P1 P2 P3) of phosphate fertilizer ranging from Oto 600 kg TSP/ha at 200 kg TSP/ha interval was applied to the sub-sub-plot. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance. The results indicated that land preparation showed significant effect on the growth of k, leucocephala, in terms of plant height and stem diameter, for P. falcataria, in terms of stem diameter only. The yield and 1000 grain weight of both corn and peanut was also affected by land preparation. Chicken manure applied at 10 ton/ha showed significant effect on the growth - plant height and stem diameter - of????- falcataria and k, leucocephala, as well as the yield and 1000 grain weight of both corn and peanut. Application of phosphate fertilizer in the form of triple superphosphate with P2o5 concentration of 46 % at four different levels (P0 , P1 P2 P3) showed significant effect on the growth of P. fa lcata????ia and L. leucocephala, in terms of plant height and stem diameter, as well as the yield and 1000 grain weight of corn and peanut. Land preparation, chicken manure and phosphate fertilizer significantly influenced growth - height and stem diameter - of????- leucocephala. but not of????- falcataria. They also showed significant effect on the field crops but 1000 grain yield of peanut.

Kata Kunci : Pemukiman Transmigrasi,Agroforestry,Pengolahan Lahan,Ilmu Kehutanan