Kompetensi Sosial dan Kesiapan Transisi Pembelajaran pada Anak Pra-Sekolah di Masa Pandemi COVID-19

SITI HALIMATUSSADIAH, Elga Andriana, S.Psi., M.Ed., Ph.D.

2023 | Tesis | MAGISTER PSIKOLOGI PROFESI

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menggambarkan kompetensi sosial serta kesiapan transisi pembelajaran anak pra-sekolah di masa pandemi COVID-19. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan mixed method convergent design. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak pra-sekolah 4-6 tahun, orangtua siswa, dan guru yang direkrut menggunakan multilevel mixed method sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa skala psikologi dan panduan wawancara. Skala psikologi diisi oleh orangtua siswa sedangkan wawancara dilakukan dengan orangtua siswa, siswa, dan guru. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis korelasi, sedangkan data kualitatif menggunakan analisis tematik. Secara kuantitatif, kompetensi sosial memiliki hubungan secara signifikan dengan kesiapan transisi pembelajaran pada anak pra-sekolah. Secara kualitatif, tema yang muncul pada kesiapan transisi pembelajaran yaitu berupa karakteristik anak, hubungan anak dengan mikrosistem, hubungan mesosistem, upaya-upaya mempersiapkan anak, dan kondisi anak saat awal transisi PTM. Sedangkan tema yang muncul untuk kompetensi sosial yaitu kerjasama sosial, interaksi sosial, serta kemandirian sosial. Hasil analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif diintegrasikan menunjukkan hasil yang saling mengkonfirmasi serta memperluas kondisi kompetensi sosial dan kesiapan transisi pembelajaran pada anak pra-sekolah. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan ilmiah dalam perancangan school-based intervention.

This study was conducted to describe the social competence and learning transition readiness of preschool children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection in this study used a mixed-method convergent design. The subjects of this study were preschool children aged 4-6 years old, parents, and teachers who were recruited using multilevel mixed-method sampling. The research instruments were a psychological scale and an interview guide. The psychology scale was filled out by parents, while the interviews were conducted with parents, students, and teachers. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, while qualitative data used thematic analysis. Quantitatively, social competence had a significant relationship with learning transition readiness in preschool children. Qualitatively, the themes that emerged in learning transition readiness were children's characteristics, children���¢�¯�¿�½�¯�¿�½s relationships with microsystems, mesosystem relationships, efforts for children's readiness, and children's conditions at the beginning of face-to-face learning transition. Meanwhile, the themes that emerged for social competence were social cooperation, social interaction, and social independence. The results of the integrated quantitative and qualitative analyses show mutually confirming results and expand the conditions of social competence and learning transition readiness in preschool children. The implications of the results of this study can be a scientific consideration in the design of school-based interventions.

Kata Kunci : kompetensi sosial, kesiapan transisi, anak pra-sekolah