Pengaruh Jenis Tanah Naungan Dan Inokulasi Mikoriza Terhadap Pertumbuhan Semai Shorea leprosula Miq

Bambang Mulyo S., Dr.Ir. Suhardi, M.Sc

1995 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Percobaan tmtuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis tanah, natmgan dan inokulasi jamur pembentuk mikoriza terhadap pertmnbuhan semai Shorea leprosula Miq. telah dilakukan di nnnah kaca Fakultas Kehutanan U.G.M. selama 7 bulan. Rancangan yang dignoakao percobaan Faktorial yang disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan menggtmakan perlakuan : (a) 4 jenis tanah yaitu Andosol (Andisols) atau A, Latosol (Oxisols) atau L, Regosol (Entisols) atau R dan Podsolik Merah - Kuning (Ultisols) atau P. (b) natmgan 4 aras yaitu naungan 25 % (N1 ), natmgan 50 % (N2 ), namgan 75 % (N3 ) dan tanpa namgan (NJ. (c) inokula.si jamur pembentuk mikoriza 5 ·aras yaitu inokulasi 1 mg spora Scleroderma sp. ditambah tanah yang bermi.selia sebanyak 5 % vollllJle wadah ( I mg spora ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia) atau 11 , inokulasi 5 mg spora ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia (lz), inokulasi IO mg spora ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia (13 ), inokulasi 5 % tanah bermiselia (I.) dan tanpa inokulasi atau kontrol (fo). Faktor tunggal tanahPodsolik Merah-Kuning (P) berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertlllilbuhan tinggi, kekokohan semai, kandungan air relatif, indeks kualitas semai, berat kering total, jumlah daun dan formasi mikoriza. Kemudian faktor tunggal tanpa namgan (N0 ) berpengaruh nyata terbadap perllllilbuhan diameter, tinggi, kekokohan semai, kancilmgan air relatif, indeks kualitas semai, berat kering total, jmnlah datm. dan formasi mikoriza. Selanjut:nya faktor tunggal inokulasi 10 mg spora ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia (13 ), berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertlllilbuhan diameter, tinggi, kekokohan semai, top root ratio, kandtm.gan air relatif, indeks kualitas semai, berat kering total, jumlah daun dan formasi mikorisa. Interaksi antara tanpa naungan (NJ dengan tanah Podsolik Merah-Kuning (P) atau PN0 , berpengaruh nyata terhadap indeks kualitas semai, berat kering total, jumlah datm. dan formasi mikoriza. Kemudian interaksi antara inokulasi 10 mg spora Scleroderma sp. ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia (13 ) dengan tanpa natmgan (N0 ) atau I:iN01 berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan diameter, tinggi, indeks kualitas semai, berat kering totai jumlah daun dan formasi mikoriza. Selanjutnya interaksi antara tanah Podsolik Merah-Ktming (P) dengan inokulasi 10 mg spora Scleroderma sp. ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia (13 ) atau PI:i, berpengaruh nyata terbadap indeks kualitas semai, berat kering total dan formasi mikoriza. Hasil kombinasi ketiga perlakuan yang terbaik yaitu interaksi antara meditllil tanah Podsolik Merah-Kuning (P), inokulasi 10 mg spora &leroderma sp. ditambah 5% taoah bermiselia °'3) dan tanpa naungan (N0 ), atau P'3N0 berpengaruh nyata terbadap indeks kualitas semai dan berat kering total dengan nilai tanggapan berturut-turut 0;l,7 dan 3,48 g Pengaruh jamm mikoriza meningkatkan konsentrasi P total pada daun. U ntuk jenis tanah Podsolik Merah-Kuning (P), taoah Regosol (R), tanah Andosol (A), tanah Latosol (L), masing-masing diberi perlak:uan inokulasi 10 mg spora Scleroderma sp. ditambah 5 % tanah bermiselia ?) dan tanpa natm.gan (N0) mengbasilkan kombinasi perlaknan P'3N0 , R'3N0 , ?N0 clan L½No dengan konsentrasi P total pada daun berturut-tmut 0,229 %, 0,188 %, 0,129 % clan 0,161 % . Sedangkan unruk jenis tanah yang sama, tanpa diberi perlak:uan inok:ulasi Clo) clan nawgan (NJ menghasilkan kombinas1 perlak:uan PfoNo, RioN0 , AioN0 dan LfoNo, konsentrasi P total pada daw hanya 0,079 %, 0,093 %, 0,099 % dan 0,084 %.

The experiment was conducted to investigate effect of soil types, shade and mycorrhyzal inoculation on seedling growth of SJwrea leprosula Miq. in the green-house of the Faculty of Forestry GMU for 7 months. A factorial experiment was used arranged in Completely Randomize Design applying with 4 soil types were Andosol (AndisoJs) denote by _A, Lato.sol (Oxisols) denote by L, Rego.sol (Entisols) denote by R and Yellow-Red Podsolic (Ultisols) denote by P. Four levels shade were 25% (N1 ), 50% (Ni), 75% (N3 ) and without shade (N0 ). Five levels were inoculation 1 mg spore fungus Scleroderma sp. with soil contains mycelium by 5% polybag volume (1 mg spore fingus with 5% soil contains mycelium) denote by 11 , 5 mg spore ftm.gus with 5% soil contains mycelimn denote by Lz, 10 mg spore fimgus with 5% soil contains mycelimn denote by_½, inoculation with 5 % soil contains mycelium denote by 14 and without inoculation (control) denote by ¼· · Single factor Yellow-Red Podsolic soil (P) was significantly affected seedling .growth of height, seedling strength, relative water content, seedling quality index, total dry weight, leaf nmnber and mycorrhyzal formation. Without shade (N) was significantly affected seedling growth of stem diameter, height, seedling strength, relative water content, seedling quality index, total dry weight, leaf·nmnber and mycorrhyzal formation. Inoculation 10 mg spore ftm.gus with 5% soil contains mycelimn (½) was significantly affected seedling growth of stem diameter, height, seedling strenght, top-root ratio, relative water content, seedling quality index, total dry weight, leaf nmnber, as well as mycorrhyzal formation. Interaction of without shade (N0 ) and Yellow-Red Podsolic soil (P), denoted by PN0 , was significantly affected of seedling quality index, total dry weight, leaf nmnber and mycorrhyzal formation. Interaction of without shade (N0 ) and inoculation 10 mg spore fungus with 5 % soil contains mycelium (?), denoted by ½No was significantly affected seedling growth of stem dimeter, height, seedling quality index, total dry weight, leaf nmnber and mycorrhyzal formation . Furthermore, interaction of Yellow-Red Podsolic soil (P) ·and inoculation. 10 mg spore ftm.gus with 5 % soil contains mycelimn (13 ), denoted by Pl3 , was · significantly affected of seedling quality index, total dry weight and mycorrhyzal formation. The Yellow-Red Podsolic soil (P), inoculated with 10 mg spore ftm.gus with 5% soil contains mycelimn soil?) and without shade (NJ, denote by P?N0 , was significantly affected of seedling quality index and total dry weight with 0;27 and 3,48 g respectively. Mycorrhyzal inoculation increased P content in the leaf. For Yellow-Red Podsolic soil (P), Regosol soil (R), Ando.sol soil(A), and Latosol soil (L), inoculation 10 mg spore fimgus with 5% soil contains mycelium (IJ and without shade (N0 ), denoted by P?N°' ?No, ?No and LI:iN0 with P content in the leaf 0;229%, 0,188%, 0,129% and 0,161% respectively. The figures of the same soil types without shade and inoculation were 0,079%, 0,093%, 0,099% and 0,084% respectively.

Kata Kunci : Tanah Naungan, Inokulasi, Shorea leprosula Miq,