Studi Variasi Genetik Pinus Merkusii Jungh et de Vriese di Pulau Jawa dengan Metode Analisis Isozim

Sapto Indrioko, Dr.Ir. H. Mohammad Na'iem

1996 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Variasi genetik P. merkusii diteliti dengan menggunakan tujuh lokus polimorfik dari tiga sistem enzim, yai tu Este rase (EST), Glutamate oxal oacetate t ran sami n ase (GOT), dan Shikimate dehydrogenase (ShDH) sebagai penanda genetik. Empat pertanaman, yaitu hutan tanaman P. merkusii di Sumedang, Kebasen, dan Jember, serta kebun benih P. merkusii di Jember dipilih sebagai bahan penelitian lill. Anal isis terhadap heterozigo s i tas harap an (He) menunjukkan variasi genetik di dalam kebun benih (He = 0,290) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ketiga hutan tanaman (He = 0, 2 5 9). Untuk menj e I ask an hubungan genetik di antara semua pertanaman, digunakan analisis kelompok dengan berdasarkan Nei 's genetic distance. Diperoleh basil bahwa terdapat dua ke lomp ok utama, ke I omp o k pertama terdiri atas tiga hutan tanaman di Sumedang, Kebasen, dan Jember, sedangkan di pihak lain adalah kebun benih di Jember. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertanaman P. me rku sii memi I iki var as i genetik yang moderat.

The genetic variation of P. merkusii was investigated using seven polymorphic loci from three enzyme systems, namely Esterase (EST), Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase ( GOT), and Shikimate dehydrogenas e (ShDH) as marker genes. Four plantation populations, namely P. me rkusii plantation in Sumedang, Kebasen, and Jember, and P. merJrnsii seed orchard in Jember were chosen for this study. The analysis of expected heterozigosity (He) revealed that genetic variation within seed orchard (He = 0,290) was bigger than the other three plantations (He = 0,259). To clarify the inter-population genetic relationship of the four plantations, a cluster analysis was performed for Nei's genetic distances. They were classified into two major groups; the first included three plantations from Sumedang, Kebasen, Jember, and another was made up of seed orchard in Jember. However, in general it can be concluded that P.merlcusii plantation in Java has a moderate genetic variation.

Kata Kunci : Ilmu Kehutanan,Hutan Pinus,Analisis Genetik,Pemuliaan Pohon