EVALUASI RANCANGAN DAN PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PERHUTANAN SOSIAL DI BKPH JATILAWANG KPH BANYUMAS TIMUR

Dyah Ethika N., Prof.Dr.Ir. Hasanu Simon, M.Sc

1997 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Tujuan penelitian pertama adalah evaluasi rancangan program kehutaµan sosial. Tujuan kedua adalah evaluasi pelaksanaan program kehutap.an sosial. Lokasi penelitian terletak di desa Gerduren pada Petak Sa dan Petak 8b bagian Hutan RPH Jatilawang BKPH Jatilawang KPH Ban????as Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survai. Pesanggem yang terpilih sebagai sampel sebanyak 60 orang. Populasi pesanggem sebanyak 210 orang yang terbagi menjadi 6 kelompok tani hutan (KTH) dan tiap kelompok diambil 10 pesanggem secara purposive. Evaluasi rancangan dinilai melalui model rancangan yang digunakan, sedangkan evaluasi pelaksanaan, dinilai/ditaksir dari kegiatan program kehutanan sosial. Perhitungan penjarangan dan angka taksiran tanaman pokok serta kayu bakar yang diperoleh selama umur tanaman, diperoleh melalui pengamatan tinggi pohon, diameter pohon, luas bidang dasar dan volume pohon di lapangan dengan menggunakan tabel tegakan. Kontribusi proyek perhutanan sosial pada perolehan pendapatan pesanggem dilakukan melahtj. analisis usahatani pada tahun tanam 1996. Kelayakan secara finansial diketahui melalui analisis nilai Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan yang dipergunakan tidak jauh berbeda dengan rancangan yang ada di KPH Banyumas Timur pada umumnya, padahal peranan kehutanan dapat berbeda dari wilayah satu deng???? lainnya, tergantung problem lokal. Problem lokal di daerah penelitian adanya kerusakan hutan karena pencurian kayu, penggembalaan liar, kfpadatan penduduk, defisit lahan, kebutuhan kayu bakar karena sebagaj sentra pembuat gula kelapa dan defisit hijauan makanan ternak. Pelaksanaan program kehutanan sosial dilakukan dengan sistem tumpang sari antara jenis tanaman pokok kehutanan (pinus ), tanaman kayu bakar, buah-buahan dan tanaman pangan dengan jarak yang bervariasi. Penyediaan bibit tanaman kehutanan dan pupuk Urea, TSP, KCL (berupa pinjaman) disediakan oleh Perum Perhutani, kecuali tanaman pertanian. Semua hasil tanaman pertanian semusim/ palawija dan hasil sampingan menjadi milik KTH, kecuali untuk jenis-jenis yang sudah diatur terlebih dahulu pemanfaatan hasilnya. Pendapatan pesanggem pada tahun pertama belum memberikan keuntungan, hal ini disebabkan adanya serangan hama belalang dan penggunaan tenaga kerja cukup banyak terutama pada pengolahan tanah. Hasil analisis finansial rnenunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat bunga riil yang berlaku, proyek PS rnernberikan harapan keuntungan finansial bagi Perurn Perhurn;ni dan Pesanggepi. Hal ini dicerrninkan oleh besarnya nilai NPV yang positip, nilai BCR yang Jebih dari I dan nilai IRR yang lebih tinggi dari tingkat buqga yang dianggap berlalru (9% ). Tingkat bunga yang dianggap berlaku adalah selisih rata-rata suku bunga deposito sebesar 17 % dengan laju inflasi sebesar 8 % selarna IO tahun terakhir.

The first objectivf of this research is to evaluate social forestry programe design and the second one is social forestry programe result and ist implementation evaluation . The research site is located in Gerduren village, Balck/compartment Sa and Sb, forest section RPH Jatilawang BKPH Jatilawang Forest District Banyumas Timur. This research was done by survey method with 60 respondens population, divided into 6 agrisilviculture groups and from each group were taken purposely 10 respondens. Evaluation of the design was appraised by ist lttodel to be used, meanwhile evaluation of the implementation and results was criticized from calculation of thinning out and estimation of main crop numbers and fuelwoods which to be got during the crop ages was obtaine'd by plant height and diameters, base plane width and tree's vdlume measurement in field by means of using table of stands. Contribution of social forestry project on responden's earm was done by the symple farm analyzis ???? planting year 1996. Financialy feasibility study was understood by the value analyzis ofNPV, BCR and IRR. Result of this resarch that the design to be used was not far different compared with the one used in Banyumas Timur Forest District generally, where as the role of forestry was able to differ from one region to others, based on the local problems. Local problem ini research area were forest damage -due to the wood sheft, wild grazing, land defisit, fuelwoods needs because as the center of coconut sugar producer area and defisit of cattle green's feed. The implementation of social forestry program wasdone by inter cropping system among species of forestry main crops (J,>ines ), fueldwQod trees, fruit and food crop???? with various spaces. The supply of forest tree needs and fertilizers Urfa, TSP, KCL (as loan) pre[aired by Perum Perp.utani , except of agriculture crops. All yields of seasonal crops/ palawija and its by product were belong to agrisilviculture groups (KTH), except for the kinds which had been regulated before about the benefit of its yields. Respondent's income did not give advantage yet in the first year, it was caused by the grashoper attacts and using abundant worker mainly during tillage. Financial analyzis results from seasonal crops, fueld woods and without topping pine woods estimation during 15 years l"ridicated by using discount rate of 9 % during 15 years gave adventage of positive. IRR gained the result of positive. Evaluating the feasibility of social forestry pi:oject was used B/C Ratio at the rate of interest 9 %, gave the result of positive it meant that the activity was able to run and that economically it had gave advantage yet.

Kata Kunci : Perhutanan Sosial,Afforestation