IDENTIFIKASI SISTEM LAHAN DAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN HUTAN DENGAN TEKNIK PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS

Senawi, Dr.Ir. Agus Setyarso, M.Sc

1997 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Sistem lahan hutan merupakan suatu model pengklasifi­kasian lahan hutan secara sistematik-dinamik yang relevan untuk menilai lahan sesuai dengan potensinya dalam proses evaluasi lahan dan perencanaan pemanfaatan lahan hutan. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah identifikasi sistem lahan dan analisis kesesuaian lahan hutan wilayah KPH Telawa Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah dengan teknik penginde-raan jauh dan sistem informasi geografis, sebagai dasar perencanaan dalam pemanfaatan kawasan hutan secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian secara rinci adalah identifikasi karakteristik faktor-faktor fisik lahan hutan, identifika­si dan klasifikasi sistem lahan hutan, identifikasi perma­salahan sosial ekonomi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan kawp­san hutan, anal is is kesesuaian pemanfaatan lahan hutan (kondisi aktual dan potensial), serta kajian alternatif bentuk pengelolaan kawasan hutan yang optimal. Identifikasi karakteristik fisik lahan hutan dilakukan melalui interpretasi foto udara pankromatik hitam putih skala 1 : 20.000. Pemetaan dan identifikasi sistem lahan hutan dilakukan melalui proses sistem informasi geografis. Tekanan sosial ekonomi masyarakat terhadap hutan dikaji melalui konsep daya dukung lingkungan lahan pertanian. Kesesuaian lahan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan sistem matching dan penentuan jenis tanaman hutan didasarkan pada kelas kesesuaian lahan serta bobot usaha perbaikan ling­kungan yang diperlukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KPH Telawa memiliki 35 sistem lahan hutan dengan homogenitas faktor bentukla­ han, kelerengan, jenis tanah dan tingkat erosi.

The forest land system is a system applied to system­atic-dynamic forest land classification. It is relevant to evaluate forest land resource based on their potential in the process of forest land use planning. The aims of the study were to identify land systems and to analyse land suitability of forest land area at KPH Telawa, Perum Perhutani Unit I Jawa Tengah. The study was carried out using remote sensing and geographical information system. The objectives of the study were to identify the caracteristics of forest land physical factors, to identi­fy and classify forest land system, to identify economic­sicial problems in forest land management, to analyse forest land suitability (actual and potencial conditions), and to assess the alternative schemes of optimal forest land management. Identification of forest land physical caracteristics was done by interpretation on panchromatic ( black and white) aerial photographs of 1:20.000 scale. Mapping and identification of forest land systems were done by geo­graphical information system. The impacts of economic­social pressures on forest land was assessed by carrying capacity concept of agricultural land. Land suitability was qualitatively analysed by matching the land character­istics and silvicultural requirements of forest tree species. The results of the study showed that KPH Telawa had 35 forest land systems based on homogenity on landform, slope, soil type and level of erosion factors. Forest land systems can be identified and mapped by aerial photograph­ic interpretation and process of geographical information system which had level of liability of 88,04%. Physically, KPH Telawa forest area was found as very poor land with very low actual land suitabitlity for Tectona grandis, Swietenia maccrophylla, Albizzia falcataria, Agathis loranthifolia and Acacia auriculiformis. Land quality factors which can be the critical factors for plant growth were rooting conditions (soil effective-depth), terrain limitations (slopes, surface stoniness, rock outcrops) and possibility level of erosion. Moreover, economic-social pressure at KPH Telawa turned out to be very high. To get optimal results, it was concluded that the most prefiable ealternative for forest land utilization in KPH Telawa is for teak plantation with cemplongsari system.

Kata Kunci : Ilmu Kehutanan,Pemetaan Hutan,Teknik Penginderaan Jauh