SYNTHESIS OF BUTYL EUGENOL AND ETHYL ISOEUGENOL AND THEIR ACTIVITY AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS

RAFIF ADLI FAUZAN, Prof. Dr. Chairil Anwar; Prof. Dr.rer.nat. Harno Dwi Pranowo, M.Si.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol dan menganalisa aktivitas antibakterinya Penlitian ini dimulai dengan mengisolasi eugenol dari minyak cengkeh dan mensintesis butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol serta menentukan aktivitas antibakteri butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol dengan metode difusi cakram. Penelitian dibagi menjadi tiga tahap yang terdiri dari isolasi eugenol, sintesis butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Isolasi eugenol dilakukan melalui serangkaian ekstraksi asam-basa dan metode pemurnian. Selanjutnya, sintesis butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol dilakukan dengan alkilasi eugenol dan isomerisasi dengan kalium tert-butoksida dilakukan untuk etil isoeugenol. Terakhir, sampel butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol diuji aktivitas antibakterinya menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Sintesis butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol berhasil disintesis dengan rendemen masing-masing 86,59% dan 87,80%. Selain itu, butil eugenol dan etil isoeugenol tidak menunjukkan potensi sebagai agen antibakteri karena kedua senyawa tersebut menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang rendah di E. coli dengan diameter masing- masing 8 mm and 10 mm dan di S. aureus dengan diameter masing- masing 10 mm dan 12 mm. Dibandingkan dengan eugenol dan asam ferulat, butil eugenol and etil isoeugenol menunjukkan aktivitas anibakteri yang lemah terhadap bakteri E.coli dan S.aureus.

This research was divided into three parts which include, the isolation of eugenol from clove oil, followed by the synthesis of butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol, and lastly the determination of antibacterial activity of butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol using disk-diffusion method. The purpose of this research is to synthesize butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol and analyze their activity as antibacterial agents. To begin with, the isolation of eugenol was performed through a series of acid-base chemical extractions and purification methods. Further, the synthesis of butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol were accomplished by alkylation of eugenol with 1-bromobutane for butyl eugenol and alkylation of eugenol with diethyl sulphate and isomerization with potassium tert-butoxide for ethyl isoeugenol. Butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol samples were tested for their antibacterial activity using disk- diffusion method. The synthesis of butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol were successfully synthesized producing yields of 86.59% and 87.80% respectively. Furthermore, butyl eugenol and ethyl isoeugenol were not potential antibacterial agents with inhibition diameters in Escherichia coli of 8 mm and 10 mm respectively and in Staphylococcus aureus of 10 mm and 12 mm respectively. The two compounds exhibited low antibacterial activities in comparison to eugenol and ferulic acid against both E.coli and S.aureus bacterial strains.

Kata Kunci : Clove oil, butyl eugenol, disk-diffusion, ethyl isoeugenol, eugenol derivatives