PENYERBUKAN TERKENDALI Eucalyptus pellita F .Muell. dan Eucalyptus Brassiana F .Muell. SERTA EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN HIBRIDNYA SAMPAI UMUR 2,5 BULAN DI PERSEMAIAN

Agus Sukarno, Dr.Ir. H. Mohammad Naiem

1998 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui fenologi pembungaan; (2) mengetahui jumlah biji perbuah dan viabilitas benih; (3) mengetahui perbedaan fenotipa hibridnya; serta (4) pertumbuhan hibrid di persemaian. Untuk tujuan ini telah dilakukari penyerbukan terkendali E. pellita dan E. brassiana di hutan Wanagama dan di rumah kaca Fakultas Kehutanan UGM untuk mengevaluasi pertumbuhan hibridnya. Penelitian di mulai dari bulan Agustus 1997 sampai dengan Agustus 1998. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah CRD. Eucalyptus peluta dan E. brassiana mempunyai bunga hermaprodit, seat reseptip organ jantan dan betina tidak bersamaan (122tandri). Tingkat keberhasilan penyerbukan untuk E. pell it a sebagai tetua betina, alam: 87, 35 %, setting buatan dan antar pohon dalam satu tetua: 72,62 % dan 73,22 %, sedangkan silang buatan 46,94 %. Untuk E. brassiana sebagai tetua betina, alam: 78,57 %, antar pohon da\am satu tetua dan selfing buatan: 33,34 % dan 28,57 % sedangkan silang buatan: 33,33 %. Jumlah biji perbuah pada E. pel/ita sebagai tetua betina, alam: 23, 12, antar tetua: 17,34, silang buatan: 14,7 dan selfing buatan: 12. Pada E. brassiana sebagai tetua betina, alam (22,25), silang buatan:7 ,64, selfing buatan: 7 ,33 dan antar tetua: 4,5. Viabilitas benih E. pellita sebagai tetua betina, alam: 73,58 %, silang buatan 68,07 %, selfing buatan 60,26 0-10 dan antar tetua E. pellita 57,99 %. Untuk E. brassiana sebagai tetua betina tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang

The objective of the present research are: ( 1 ) to study the phenology of blossoming; (2) to study the number of seed per fruit and seedling viability; (3) to study the hybrid growth in their seed-beds. For these reasons, the controlled pollination of E. pellita and E. brassiana had been carried out to evaluate the development of their hybrid growth at the Wanagama and at the greenhouse of Forestry Faculty, UGM. The reseach had been carried out from August 1997 to August 1998 using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). E.pe/lita and E. brassiana have hermaphrodite flowers when the receptive of male and female organ are not in one place (potandri). The level of pollination successfulness of E. pellita in natural female parent is 87.35 %, the one in artificial selfing and cross tree in one parent is 72.62 % and 73.22%, and that in artificial crossing pollination is 46.94%. Whereas the one using E. brassiana as the female parent, in natural, cross-tree in one parent, and artificial selfing is 78.57%, 33.34%, and 28.57%, respectively; whereas the one using artificial pollination is 33.33%. The number of seed per fruit in E. pe/lita as the female parent. in natural, cross-tree, and artificial selfing pollination is 23. 12, 1 7. 34, 14. 7, and 12, respectively. Wheres s the one in E. brassiana is 22.25, 7.64, 7.33, and 4.5, respectively. The seedling viability of E. pellita as the female parent in natural, artificial cross, artificial selfing, and cross-tree in one parent is 73.58%,66.07%, 60.26%, anc 57.99%, respectively. When E. brassiana was used as the female parent, there was no significant difference among treatments. Regarding the hybrid morphological appearance in the seed-beds, the characteristics of E. pellita tend to be dominant. The characteristics are shown by the size of hybrid leaves that tend to become bigger. Other hybrid characteristics are intermediate nature and the exisitence of branch. The highest hybrid growth is in P1B2: 60.75 cm and the lowest is in P3B4: 20.75 cm. Hybrid vigor is encountered in P2B4 and P4B2 which the respective height growth is 30.75% and 43.50% faster than their parent and B3P4 and B4P5 that are capable of increasing their height growth to 37.30% and 48.14% of both parent. It is also found that the hybrid first generation of (F 1 ) inferior (like this witches broom) in P3B1, P3B3, and P3B5. At the inbreeding test, there is normal and abnormal inheritant. The abnormal inheritant is shown by its small and chlorosis growth (E. pe//ita) and chlorosis at the end of leaves (E. brassiana).

Kata Kunci : Uji Keturunan Tusam,Tusam (Pinus Merkusii Jungh)