Kajian Tanaman Pekarangan Lahan Pasir Pantai di Kalurahan Srigading, Kapanewon Sanden, Kabupaten Bantul

NIKOLAS ANANDA P, Siti Nurul Rofiqo Irwan, S.P., M.Agr., Ph.D.; Dody Kastono, S.P., M.P.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 AGRONOMI

Pekarangan lahan pasir pantai termasuk kedalam ekosistem lahan marginal dalam dunia pertanian, hal tersebut terkait dengan kondisi fisik dan iklim mikro yang kurang sesuai untuk kegiatan budidaya pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan dan keanekaragaman tanaman pada lahan pekarangan pasir pantai, mengetahui keadaan iklim mikro dan mengetahui pola pemanfaatan pekarangan bedasarkan zonasi dan luas pekarangan di Dusun Soge. Penelitian dilakukan pada pekarangan lahan pasir pantai di Dusun Soge, Kalurahan Srigading, Kapanewon Sanden, Kabupaten Bantul dan dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2022. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Berdasarkan lima kategori luas pekarangan menurut Arifin dalam Azka (2014) yakni : sangat sempit (<120 m2), sempit (120 m2), sedang (120-400 m2), luas (400-1.000 m2), dan sangat luas (>1.000 m2). Bedasarkan 5 RT diambil sampel 12 rumah per RT sehingga didapat 60 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosentase luasan lahan pekarangan adalah pekarangan sangat luas 15,87 %, pekarangan luas 17,46 %, pekarangan sedang 30,16 %, pekarangan sempit 19,05 %, dan pekarangan sangat sempit 17,46 %. Lahan pekarangan pasir pantai Dusun Soge dimanfaatkan untuk membantu memenuhi kebutuhan hidup pemilik dengan konsumsi hasil sebanyak 55,6 %, dijual 34,9 % dan untuk estetika 9,5 %. Iklim mikro pada lahan pekarangan pasir pantai Dusun Soge memiliki rerata suhu 31,35-35,80 °C; intensitas cahaya 75.180-99.993 Lux; kelembaban udara 60,30-66,09 %; dan kecepatan angin 7,50-15,84 m/s. Perbaikan lahan pekarangan dilakukan dengan cara pengaplikasian pupuk kandang 82,5 % warga, pemberian pupuk kimia 7,9 %, pemberian tanah bekas pertanaman bawang merah 4,8 % dan tanpa perbaikan lahan sebesar 4,8 %. Jenis tanaman yang dapat tumbuh baik di Dusun Soge adalah tanaman buah, sayur, hias, tanaman obat, wind breaker, penghasil pati dan industri.

Sandy coastal is included in marginal land ecosystem, related to physical conditions and microclimate that not suitable for agricultural activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the utilization and diversity of plants on sandy coastal home garden, knowing the state of microclimate and knowing the pattern of sandy coastal home garden utilization based on zoning and yard area in Soge Hamlet. The research was conducted in the sandy coastal home garden "pekarangan" in Soge Hamlet, Srigading, Kapanewon Sanden, Bantul Regency and held on April till May 2022. The study used a survey method with purposive sampling. Based on five categories of home garden "pekarangan" area according to Arifin cit Azka (2014), namely: very narrow (<120 m2), narrow (120 m2), medium (120-400 m2), spacious (400-1,000 m2), and very spacious (>1,000 m2). Based on 5 RTs, 12 houses per RT were sampled so that 60 samples were obtained. The results showed that the percentage of the area of the yard is very large 15.87%, large 17.46%, medium 30.16%, narrow 19.05%, and very narrow 17.46%. Soge Hamlet sandy coastal home garden is used to help the needs of the owner's life with the consumption of products as much as 55.6%, sell 34.9% and aesthetics 9.5%. The microclimate in sandy coastal home garden of Soge Hamlet has an average temperature of 31.35-35.80 °C; light intensity 75,180-99,993 Lux; air humidity 60.30-66.09%; and wind speed 7.50-15.84 m/s. Land improvement of the yard was carried out by applying manure to 82.5% of residents, applying chemical fertilizers to 7.9%, giving soil from former shallot plants 4.8% and without land improvement by 4.8%. The types of plants that can grow well in Soge Hamlet are fruit, vegetable, ornamental, medicinal plants, wind breakers, starch producers and industries.

Kata Kunci : dusun soge, lahan marginal, pasir pantai, perbaikan lahan, pesisir