Persepsi dan Penerimaan Vaksin Booster COVID-19 Pada Masyarakat di Kabupaten Pati

NAILA ZAHROTUL M, Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, MPH., Apt., Ph.D.; Niken Nur Widyakusuma, S.Farm., Apt., M.Sc.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Program vaksinasi merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi pandemi COVID-19. Keinginan untuk melakukan vaksinasi dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran serta hubungan persepsi dan penerimaan masyarakat Kabupaten Pati terhadap vaksin booster COVID-19, mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi dan penerimaan vaksin booster COVID-19 serta mengidentifikasi faktor yang menyebabkan penerimaan maupaun penolakan vaksin booster COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan convenience sampling. Responden adalah masyarakat yang bertempat tinggal di Kabupaten Pati berusia diatas 18 tahun dan telah melakukan vaksinasi COVID-19 minimal dosis pertama. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan November � Desember 2022. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menghubungkan variabel karakteristik responden, persepsi serta penerimaan vaksin booster COVID-19 menggunakan chi-square test. Diantara 187 responden, sebanyak 51,3% memiliki persepsi negatif terhadap vaksin booster COVID-19. Penerimaan vaksin booster dosis pertama sebesar 83,4% sedangkan penerimaan vaksin booster dosis kedua sebesar 67,9%. Terdapat hubungan antara bekerja di pelayanan kesehatan (p=0,042), kondisi kesehataan saat ini (p=0,046), dosis vaksinansi terakhir (p=0,000), dan jenis vaksin yang terakhir kali didapat (0,007) dengan persepsi terhadap vaksin booster COVID-19. Terdapat hubungan antara kondisi kesehatan saat ini (p=0,009), dosis vaksinansi terakhir (p=0,000) dan jenis vaksin yang terakhir kali didapat (p=0,004), dengan penerimaan vaksin booster dosis pertama. Terdapat hubungan antara usia (p=0,025), pendapatan (p=0,008), riwayat penyakit (p=0,045), dosis vaksinansi terakhir (p=0,000) dan jenis vaksin yang terakhir kali didapat (p=0,001) dengan penerimaan vaksin booster dosis kedua. Terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dan penerimaan vaksin booster dosis pertama (p=0,000) dan terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dan penerimaan vaksin booster dosis kedua (p=0,000).

The vaccination program is one of the government's actions to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. The desire to vaccinate is influenced by many factors. This study aims to describe and relate the perception and acceptance of the people of Pati Regency to the COVID-19 booster vaccine, to determine the relationship between perceptions of acceptance and the COVID-19 booster vaccine and to identify the factors that lead to acceptance or rejection of the COVID-19 booster vaccine. This research is a quantitative descriptive with the sampling method using convenience sampling. Respondents are people who live in Pati Regency aged over 18 years and have received at least the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccination. Data was collected from November to December 2022. Data were analyzed descriptively by correlating the variables of respondent characteristics, perceptions of the COVID-19 booster vaccine, and acceptance of the COVID-19 booster vaccine using the chi-square test. Among the 187 respondents, 51.3% had a negative perception of the COVID-19 booster vaccine. Acceptance of the first booster vaccine dose was 83.4%, while receipt of the second booster vaccine was 67.9%. There is a relationship between working in a health service (p=0.042), current health condition (p=0.046), last dose of vaccination (p=0.000), and type of vaccine last received (0.007) with perceptions of the COVID-19 booster vaccine . There is a relationship between current health conditions (p=0.009), the last dose of vaccination (p=0.000) and the last type of vaccine received (p=0.004), and receiving the first dose of booster vaccine. There is a relationship between age (p=0.025), income (p=0.008), medical history (p=0.045), last dose of vaccination (p=0.000) and type of vaccine last received (p=0.001) by receiving the second booster vaccine. There is a relationship between perception and receipt of the first booster vaccine dose (p=0.000) and there is a relationship between perception and receipt of the second booster vaccine (p=0.000).

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, COVID-19 booster vaccine, perception, acceptance