PENGELOLAAN DUKUH DlTINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL-EKONOMI DAN LINGKUNGAN (Studi Kasus Pada Kecamatan Karang Intan Kabupaten Banjar ­Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan)

Hafizianor, Prof.Dr.Ir.H.Hasanu Simon

2002 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Pengambilan sampel terbagi atas dua aspek yaitu aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat dan aspek lingkungan dukuh sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian ini. Pada aspek sosial ekonomi pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling (acak bertujuan) pada masyarakat yang memiliki dukuh sedangkan pengambilan responden dilakukan dengan metode random sampling (acak).Pada aspek lingkungan yang meliputi lingkungan biologi dan fisik sampel diambil di areal dukuh milik responden. Hasil analisa menunjukan bahwa dukuh yang merupakan kelompok pohon buah-buaban dengan pola tanam dan dengan strata umur yang tidak teratur berada di sekitar pemukiman dan di bekas ladang masyarakat terbentuk rnelalui suatu proses yang panjang, terbentuk sejak 170 tahun yang lalu melalui proses yang berbeda dimana dukuh ada yang terbentuk dari hutan alam, semak belukar / padang alang­alang, ladang, kebun karet dan dari tanaman pekarangan. Proses terbentuknya dukuh melalui tiga periode yaitu periode pioner, periode peruasan dan periode l pengembangan. Dukuh mampu memberikan kontribusi pendapatan sebesar Rp.3.566.363,-/musim/responden atau 31,07% dari total pendapatan masyarakat selama satu tahun dengan performansi yang baik. Dari aspek lingkungan dukuh menggambarkan keadaan ekosistem hutan rakyat yang mendekati keadaan ekosistem hutan alam dengan indikator keanekaragarnan jenis pohon buah-buahan sebanyak 17 jenis yang didominasi durian,langsat dan cempedak, keanekaragaman jenis satwa yang terdiri dari 15 jenis mamalia, 14 jenis aves, lebih dari lima jenis reptilia, berbagai jenis insecta,terdapat 3-4 stratifikasi tajuk, dan mampu rnemerankan fungsi hidroorologis de

In South Kalimantan, only small number of people traditional wisdom values in forest and forest-land exploitation has been lift up to surface. Dukuh (fruit island) system as manifestation of forest and forest-land exploitation that people perform is still routine activity available among people and it has not been regarded as supporting force to make policies on local forestry development. The present research was aimed to examine dukuh management system viewed from social economic and environmental perspectives by taking three villages managing dukuh as research loci, i.e. Biih, Sungai Alang and Sungai Asam villages, in Karang Intan sub-district, Banjar regency, South Kalimantan province. Sample taking was divided into two aspects, people social economic and dukuh environmental aspects parallel with the aim of the research. For social economic aspect, samples was taken by using purposive sampling method (purposive random) among people with dukuh, while respondents were selected with random sampling method (random). For environmental aspect involving biologic and physical environments, samples were taken in dukuh area of respondents. Results of analysis indicated that dukuh as a group fruit trees with irregular cultivation pattern and age strata was available surrounding settlement and on land people previously owned and was created through long process; since 170 years ago, it had been created through different process from natural forests, shrubs / tall and coarse grasses, dry fields, rubber-trees, fruit-producing trees in a yard. It was developed through three periods: pioneer, extension, and development periods. The Dukuh _ was capable to contribute Rp. 3,566,363/ season / respondent or 31. 07% from people total income during a year with good performance. Based on environmental aspect, dukuh portrayed people forest ecosystem condition approaching natural people forest with varieties involving 17 fruit-tree types that durian, Lansium, cempedak trees dominated, animal types consisted of 15 mammal types, 14 ave types, more than five reptiles, insects, 3-4 shoot stratification as indicators, and its good hydrological function capability of keeping water and land availability maintained and preserved as well.

Kata Kunci : dukuh, social economic and environmental aspects