Analysis on Operational Efficiency of Different Business Segments in the Entertainment Industry Using Financial Ratios During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Case Study on Square Enix Co., Ltd.)

M AZRARDY ANANDITA, Vogy Gautama Buanaputra, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D., AFHEA

2023 | Skripsi | S1 AKUNTANSI

Penelitian ini adalah sebuah studi kasus yang melakukan analisis efisiensi operasional terhadap empat segmen bisnis Square Enix Co., Ltd. dengan tujuan untuk berkontribusi ke penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang meneliti kondisi-kondisi bisnis saat tertimpa pandemi COVID-19, karena banyak dari mereka berfokus pada kinerja perusahaan dalam menghasilkan penjualan dan kurang pada efisiensi operasional perusahaan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan bermacam dokumen yang telah disediakan oleh Square Enix berhubungan dengan kinerjanya di tahun fiskal 2019 hingga 2021, dan juga dari sumber-sumber lain di internet sebagai teknik pengumpulan datanya, baik kuantitatif maupun kualitatif. Analisis laporan keuangan dan analisis isi lalu dilakukan terhadap data-data yang terkumpul dari bermacam dokumen tersebut. Rasio-rasio keuangan yang digunakan di penelitian ini adalah operating profit margin, depreciation and amortization expense-to-sales ratio, dan total asset turnover untuk menganalisis efisiensi operasional semua segmen bisnis Square Enix, lalu berbagai rasio keuangan lainnya tetap digunakan kepada Square Enix sebagai keseluruhan untuk mengimbangi kekurangan dari ketiga rasio tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini berharap dapat menambah pengetahuan pembaca tentang dampak-dampak pandemi COVID-19 kepada efisiensi operasional beberapa segmen bisnis yang terdapat di dalam industri hiburan melalui Square Enix. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini juga akan melihat data-data yang bersangkutan dengan kinerja Square Enix sebelum masa pandemi COVID-19 demi memperlihatkan kondisi Square Enix sebelum tertimpa pandemi.

This research is a case study with the objective to analyze the operational efficiency of all the four segments of Square Enix Co., Ltd. in its attempt to contribute to the current literature of the different studies that have been conducted to learn about the conditions of businesses around the world as they are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic seeing that the literature has been more focused on the sales performances of those businesses or companies and less on their operational efficiency. This research looks at documents as its data collection method, in which it relies solely on secondary data from the disclosures disclosed by Square Enix in regards to their annual performance from the fiscal years of 2019 to 2021 and materials from different sources on the internet, both quantitative and qualitative. Using the data from those documents, the researcher will do a financial ratio analysis and qualitative content analysis using operating profit margin, depreciation and amortization expense-to-sales ratio, and total asset turnover in order to learn about Square Enix's segments' operational efficiency, with other financial ratios also being used on Square Enix to compensate for those three ratios. The findings or results of this research are hoped to be of benefit to the readers in providing them with the knowledge in regards to how did the COVID-19 pandemic affected the operational efficiency of some segments in the entertainment industry through Square Enix. Therefore, this research will also make use of the data of Square Enix's performance before the COVID-19 pandemic in order to give the readers a glimpse of how the company used to perform before the pandemic happened.

Kata Kunci : Financial Statement Analysis, Financial Ratio Analysis, Operational Efficiency, Entertainment Industry, COVID-19 Pandemic