Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Situasional Terhadap Partisipasi Kelompok Wanita Tani Melalui Program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari Kabupaten Bantul

SEPTI WULANDARI, Prof. Dr. Ir. Sunarru Samsi Hariadi, MS; Dr. Ir. Siti Andarwati, S.Pt., MP., IPM., ASEAN Eng

2023 | Tesis | MAGISTER PENYULUHAN DAN KOMUNIKASI PEMBANGUNAN

Penelitian bertujuan mendiskripsikan gaya kepemimpinan situsional yang sering digunakan ketua Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) dalam program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L), mendiskripsikan partisipasi KWT dalam mengikuti program P2L, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi partisipasi kelompok wanita tani melalui program P2L. Metode dasar yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah deskritif analisis dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Bantul yang telah menerapkan program P2L sejak tahun 2020. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai bulan Mei sampai bulan Juli tahun 2022. Pengambilan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara secara langsung menggunakan kuisioner kepada 111 responden anggota KWT yang diambil secara sensus. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis persentase, uji proporsi dan path analysis dengan program AMOS 24. Berdasarkan analisis persentase dapat dilihat bahwa gaya kepemimpinan situasional yang sering digunakan oleh ketua KWT dalam memimpin anggota melaksanakan program P2L dimulai dari gaya kepemimpinan delegating, participating, selling dan telling. Berdasarkan uji proporsi diketahui bahwa sebagian besar wanita tani mempunyai tingkat partisipasi sedang dalam mengikuti program P2L karena keterlibatan ide/gagasan anggota dalam tahap perencanaan, pemanfaatan hasil dan monitoring serta evaluasi jarang. Hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa: 1). Faktor motivasi dan efikasi diri berpengaruh langsung terhadap partisipasi anggota KWT dalam melaksanakan program P2L, 2). Kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan ketua KWT yaitu telling, participating dan delegating mampu meningkatkan partisipasi melalui kuatnya motivasi anggota untuk memenuhi kebutuhan eksistensi, berhubungan, dan berkembang dalam program P2L, 3). Kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan situasional KWT selling, dan participating mampu meningkatkan partisipasi melalui keyakinan anggota KWT untuk melaksanakan tugas dan mengatasi rintangan dalam program P2L, 4). Gaya kepemimpinan participating merupakan gaya kepemimpinan situasional yang dominan berpengaruh positif meningkatkan partisipasi anggota melalui kuatnya motivasi dan keyakinan diri anggota dalam melaksanakan program P2L, 5). Peran penyuluh pertanian mampu memengaruhi kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan situasional ketua KWT (telling, selling, participating, dan delegating), sikap, motivasi dan efikasi diri anggota dalam melaksanakan program P2L, 5). Kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan situasional ketua KWT tidak mampu meningkatkan motivasi atau efikasi diri anggota apabila kondisi anggota tidak mampu maupun tidak ingin menerapkan program P2L.

The aim of this research is to describe the situational leadership style that is often used by the head of the Women Farmers Group (KWT) in Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L) program, to describe the participation of KWT in participating P2L program, and to analyzed the factors that influence the participation of women farmer groups through the P2L program. The basic method used in the research is descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted in Bantul Regency which has implemented the P2L program since 2020. The implementation of the research began in May to July 2022. Primary data were collected through direct interviews using questionnaires to 111 respondents of KWT members who were taken by census. Data were analyzed using percentage analysis, proportion test, and path analysis with AMOS 24 program. Based on the percentage analysis, it can be seen that the situational leadership style that is often used by KWT leaders in leading members to implement the P2L program starts from the leadership style of delegating, participating, selling and telling. Based on the proportion test, it is known that most farmer women have a moderate level of participation in participating in the P2L program because the involvement of members' ideas in the planning stage, utilization of results, monitoring and evaluation is rare. The results of path analysis show that: 1). Motivation and self-efficacy factors directly affect the participation of KWT members in implementing the P2L program, 2). The suitability of the KWT chairman's leadership style, namely telling, participating, and delegating, is able to increase participation through the strong motivation of members to meet the needs of existence, relationship, and development in the P2L program, 3). The suitability of KWT's situational leadership style of selling, and participating is able to increase participation through the confidence of KWT members to carry out tasks and overcome obstacles in the P2L program, 4). Participating leadership style is a situational leadership style that has a dominant positive effect on increasing member participation through strong motivation and self-efficacy of members in implementing the P2L program, 5). The role of agricultural extension workers is able to influence the suitability of the KWT chairperson's situational leadership style (telling, selling, participating, and delegating), attitudes, motivation, and self-efficacy of members in implementing the P2L program, 5). The suitability of the KWT chairman's situational leadership style is not able to increase the motivation or self efficacy of members if the conditions of the members are unable or do not want to implement the P2L program.

Kata Kunci : Gaya kepemimpinan situasional, Partisipasi, Kelompok wanita tani