Antihaitianisme dan Nation-state building: Politik Identitas Eksklusioner Republik Dominika

AVIONITA PUTRI R, Dr. Luqman-nul Hakim

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Penelitian ini menjelaskan fenomena antihaitianisme dalam proses nation-state building dan pembentukan identitas Republik Dominika serta implikasinya bagi kondisi sosial politik kontemporer negara tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnosimbolisme historis, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa antihaitianisme merupakan ideologi berakar historis-sosiologis yang mempengaruhi proses nation-state building di Republik Dominika. Interpretasi dan manifestasi antihaitianisme mengalami pembaharuan yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan konteks sosial, ekonomi, dan politik Republik Dominika untuk menjaga relevansi pengaruhnya dalam nation-state building Dominika. Perbedaan interpretasi dan manifestasi antihaitianisme di Republik Dominika dapat dibedakan menjadi dua: Periode Pelembagaan dan Periode Neoliberalisasi Pembangunan. Praktik antihaitianisme di Republik Dominika berimplikasi pada langgengnya diskriminasi dan eksklusi sosial, kesenjangan ekonomi dan pelanggaran HAM yang sistematis terhadap etnik Haiti.

This study explains the phenomenon of antihaitianism in the process of nation-state building and the formation of the identity of the Dominican Republic as well as its implications for the contemporary socio-political conditions of the country. Using the historical ethnosymbolism approach, this study argues that antihaitianism is a historical-sociologically rooted ideology that influences the nation-state building process in the Dominican Republic. The interpretations and manifestations of antihaitianism underwent changes that responds to the development of the social, economic, and political context of the Dominican Republic in order to maintain the relevance of its influence in the Dominican nation-state building. The differences in interpretations and manifestations of antihaitianism in the Dominican Republic can be divided into two different eras: the Period of Institutionalization and the Period of Neoliberal Development. The practice of antihaitianism in the Dominican Republic has resulted in the perpetuation of discrimination and social exclusion, economic inequality and systematic human rights violations against the Haitian ethnic group.

Kata Kunci : antihaitianisme; nation-state building; Republik Dominika