Pemetaan Aktivitas Pendaki dan Dampaknya Terhadap Vegetasi dan Timbulan Sampah di Jalur Pendakian Selo Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu

JOHANNA ROSITA, Dr. Hero Marhaento, S.Hut., M.Si.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu (TN Gunung Merbabu) merupakan kawasan pelestarian alam yang memiliki banyak potensi wisata alam, salah satunya wisata pendakian. Adanya aktivitas wisata pendakian di dalam kawasan taman nasional dapat memberikan dampak terhadap kelestarian kawasan TN Gunung Merbabu, baik secara biotik maupun abiotik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik aktivitas pendaki dan mengukur dampak yang ditimbulkan terhadap vegetasi dan timbulan sampah di Jalur Pendakian Selo, yang merupakan jalur pendakian paling ramai dikunjungi di TN Gunung Merbabu. Pengumpulan data karakteristik aktivitas pendaki dilakukan dengan wawancara kepada responden yang ditentukan secara accidental sampling di tiap pos pendakian. Pengukuran dampak vegetasi dilakukan berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman vegetasi pada tiap pos pendakian, dan pengukuran dampak sampah dilakukan dengan mengukur timbulan sampah yang ditemukan pada tiap pos pendakian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 248 responden yang dijumpai terdapat 5 (lima) jenis aktivitas dominan yang dilakukan oleh para pendaki, yaitu aktivitas pendakian, berfoto, istirahat sejenak, berkemah, dan buang air. Aktivitas tersebut memberikan dampak terhadap keanekaragaman vegetasi dan memengaruhi keberadaan tanaman edelweis sebagai salah satu jenis tanaman yang dilindungi di Kawasan TN Gunung Merbabu, juga menghasilkan timbulan sampah di tiap pos pendakian. Area yang paling terdampak dari adanya aktivitas para pendaki yaitu Pos 3 Batu Tulis karena pada Pos 3 tersebut terdapat aktivitas yang tinggi, sedangkan timbulan sampah yang ditemukan di tiap pos pendakian didominasi oleh sampah organik berupa tisu dan sampah anorganik berupa plastik. Penerapan kebijakan terkait aturan dan larangan yang berlaku di Jalur Pendakian Selo perlu dipertegas dengan meningkatkan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, guna meminimalisir kerusakan yang ditimbulkan.

Gunung Merbabu National Park (TN Gunung Merbabu) is a nature conservation area that has a lot of potential for natural tourism, which is hiking tourism as one of them. The existence of hiking tourism activities in the national park area can cause an impact on the sustainability of the Gunung Merbabu National Park area, both biotically and abiotically. This study aims to determine the characteristics of hiker activities and to measure the impact on vegetation and waste generation on the Selo Hiking Trail as the most visited hiking trail in Gunung Merbabu National Park. Data collection on the characteristics of hiker activities was carried out by interviewing respondents who were determined by accidental sampling at each hiking post. Vegetation impact measured was carried out by the diversity of vegetation at each hiking post, and the waste impact measured out from the waste generation found at each hiking post. The results showed that from 248 respondents who were found there were 5 (five) types of dominant activities carried out by the hikers, namely hiking, taking pictures, short rest activities, camping, and defecation. These activities have an impact on the diversity of vegetation and affcets the existence of edelweiss plants as one of the protected plant species in the Gunung Merbabu National Park area, and generating waste at each hiking post. The area most affected by the activities of the hikers is Post 3 Batu Tulis because there is high activity at Post 3, while the waste generation found at each hiking post is dominated by organic waste in the form of tissue and inorganic waste in the form of plastic. The application of policies related to the rules and prohibitions that apply on the Selo Hiking Trail needs to be emphasized by increasing socialization to the community in order to minimize the damage caused.

Kata Kunci : TN Gunung Merbabu, Aktivitas Pendaki, Jalur Pendakian Selo, Dampak Vegetasi, Dampak Sampah / Gunung Merbabu National Park, Hiker Activities, Selo Hiking Trail, Vegetation Impact, Waste Impact