Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dan Stres Orang tua yang Memiliki Anak dengan Penyakit Jantung Bawaan di RSUP Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta

Dwi Prasetyorini, Sri Hartini, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes., PhD ; Itsna Luthfi Kholisa., S. Kep., Ns., MANP

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Merawat anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) dapat menimbulkan stres pada orang tua. Dukungan sosial keluarga, teman dan orang terdekat dapat mempengaruhi stres orang tua dengan anak PJB. 71,8% orang tua dengan anak PJB memiliki tingkat stres sedang, 28,2% memiliki tingkat stres rendah dalam merawat anaknya. Dukungan sosial sedang mengakibatkan tingkat relisience ibu dari anak PJB sedang. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran dukungan sosial, stres orang tua dan hubungan dukungan sosial dengan stres orang tua yang memiliki anak PJB di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif analitik korelatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-November 2022. Partisipan adalah orang tua anak PJB usia 6-18 tahun, bisa membaca, menulis, tinggal serumah dengan anaknya, skor SRQ kurang dari 6, tidak memiliki anak PJB sebelumnya dan anak tidak mempunyai penyakit kronis lain di Poliklinik Kardio Anak RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 121 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen Parental Stress Scale dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Analisis data dengan Uji Pearson Product Moment. Hasil: Dukungan sosial orang tua yang memiliki anak PJB relatif tinggi 70,02±8,799 rentang skor 12-84 dan stres yang dialami orang tua relatif ringan 32,96±6,122 rentang skor 18-90. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara dukungan sosial dengan stres orang tua (p 0,016 < 0,05 dan nilai r -0,219). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan stres orang tua yang memiliki anak berusia 6-18 tahun dengan PJB di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta, dengan derajat keeratan lemah.

Background: Caring for a children with congenital heart disease (CHD) can be stress for parents. Social support from family, friends and closest people can affect the stress of parents with children with CHD. 71,8% of parents with CHD children have moderate stress levels and 28,2% have low stress levels in caring for their children. Moderate social support results in a moderate level of resilience for mothers of CHD children. Objective: To determine the description of social support, parental stress and relationship between social support and stress of parents who have children with CHD at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Methods: Correlative quantitative analytic study with a cross sectional design. The study was conducted in October-November 2022. Participants were parents of children with CHD aged 6-18 years, able to read and write, lived at home with their children, had an SRQ score of less than 6, did not have children with CHD previously and children did not have other chronic diseases at the Polyclinic. Children's Cardio Hospital Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta, totaling 121 respondents. This study used the Parental Stress Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support instruments. Data analysis used was Pearson Product Moment Test. Results: Social support of parents who have children with CHD was relatively high 70,02 ± 8,799 score range 12-84 and the stress experienced by parents was relatively mild 32,96 ± 6,122 score range 18-90. There was a significant relationship between social support and parental stress (p 0,016 <0,05 and r value -0,219). Conclusion: There is a relationship between social support and stress of parents who have children aged 6-18 years with CHD at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta with a weak degree of affinity.

Kata Kunci : Dukungan sosial, PJB, Stres orang tua