Pengaruh Penambahan Toxin Binder dalam Pakan Terkontaminasi Aflatoksin B1 terhadap Kualitas Kimia dan Fisik Daging Broiler

AN NISAA TIANA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Lies Mira Yusiati, SU., IPU., ASEAN Eng. ; Dr. Ir. Chusnul Hanim, M.Si., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan toxin binder dalam pakan terkontaminasi AFB1 terhadap persentase karkas, kualitas kimia dan fisik daging broiler. Total 60 day old chick (DOC) Lohman MB202 jantan ditempatkan pada 12 kandang koloni. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdapat lima ekor broiler. Jagung yang tercemar AFB1 dicampur dengan ransum pakan broiler hingga homogen. Pakan perlakuan diberikan pada broiler dari hari 22 sampai 35 (fase finisher) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu P0 (kontrol, basal diet, tanpa penambahan pakan terkontaminasi AFB1 dan toxin binder), P1 (P0 + 100 µg/kg AFB1+ 4 g/kg kalsium bentonit lokal), P2 (P0 + 100 µg/kg AFB1+ 4 g/kg smektit), P3 (P0 + 100 µg/kg AFB1+ 4 g/kg kalsium bentonit impor). Data yang diamati meliputi persentase karkas, uji kimia dan fisik daging broiler. Uji kimia meliputi kadar air, kadar protein, dan kadar lemak. Uji fisik daging meliputi nilai pH, daya ikat air, susut masak dan keempukan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi pola searah (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase karkas, kadar air, kadar protein, nilai pH, daya ikat air dan susut masak daging dari broiler yang diberi pakan terkontaminasi AFB1 dan penambahan toxin binder tidak berbeda dengan pakan kontrol (tanpa penambahan toxin binder dan AFB1). Penambahan toxin binder berbahan aktif kalsium bentonit lokal dan smektit pada pakan terkontaminasi AFB1 belum mampu memulihkan kadar lemak dan keempukan daging broiler dibandingkan dengan broiler yang diberi pakan kontrol. Penambahan toxin binder dengan bahan aktif kalsium bentonit impor mampu menaikan kadar lemak, daya ikat air, susut masak dan keempukan dibandingakan dengan broiler yang diberi pakan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa toxin binder dengan bahan aktif kalsium bentonit impor lebih potensial untuk mencegah penurunan persentase karkas, kualitas kimia, dan fisik daging broiler.

This study aims to determine the effect of adding toxin binder in feed contaminated with AFB1 on carcass percentage, chemical and physical quality of broiler meat. A total of 60 day old chick (DOC) Lohman MB202 males were placed in 12 colony cages. Each treatment consisted of three replicates, each replicate containing five broilers. Corn contaminated with AFB1 was mixed with broiler feed rations until homogeneous. Treatment feed given to broilers from day 22 to 35 (finisher phase) which consisted of 4 treatments, P0 (control, basal diet, without the addition toxin binder and feed contaminated with AFB1), P1 (P0 + 100 µg/kg AFB1+ 4 g/kg calsium bentointe local), P2 (P0 + 100 µg/kg AFB1+ 4 g/kg smectite), P3 (P0 + 100 µg/kg AFB1+ 4 g/kg calsium bentonite import).The data observed included carcass percentage, chemical and physical test of broiler meat. Chemical quality of meat include water content, protein, and fat. The physical quality of meat include pH, water holding capacity, cooking loss, and tenderness. The data obtained were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the carcass percentage, moisture content, protein content, pH value, water holding capacity and cooking losses of broilers meet with treatment AFB1 contaminated feed and the addition of toxin binder were not different from the control feed (without the addition of toxin binder and AFB1). The addition of a toxin binder made from local calcium bentonite and smectite to feed contaminated with AFB1 has not been able to restore the fat content and tenderness of broiler meat compared to control treatment. The addition of toxin binder with the active ingredient import calcium bentonite was able to increase fat content, water holding capacity, cooking loss and tenderness compared to control treatment. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the toxin binder with the active ingredient import calcium bentonite has more potential to prevent a decrease in carcass percentage, chemical quality, and physical quality of broiler meat.

Kata Kunci : aflatoksin B1, toxin binder, kualitas daging