PERSEPSI DAN PENERIMAAN VAKSIN BOOSTER COVID-19 PADA MASYARAKAT PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

DHEA AYU PUTRI ARSYI, apt. Niken Nur Widyakusuma, S.Farm., M.Sc.;apt. Anna Wahyuni Widayanti, MPH, Ph.D.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Vaksinasi booster COVID-19 merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mencegah penyebaran virus COVID-19 yang pelaksanaannya sedang diupayakan pemerintah untuk mencapai target capaian baik per provinsi maupun nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik responden terhadap persepsi dan penerimaan, mengetahui hubungan persepsi dengan penerimaan, dan mengetahui faktor penerimaan dan penolakan vaksin booster COVID-19 di Provinsi DIY. Penelitian merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan dilakukan secara cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner daring dengan formulir Google. Kriteria inklusi sedang tinggal di Provinsi DIY, berusia �18 tahun, dan sudah vaksin COVID-19 minimal dosis 1. Sampel berjumlah 203 orang. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan menghubungkan antar variabel karakteristik, persepsi, dan penerimaan vaksin booster COVID-19 dengan chi square SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masyarakat Provinsi DIY sebanyak 53,2% memiliki persepsi positif 96,1% bersedia menerima vaksin booster pertama, dan 84,7% bersedia menerima vaksin booster kedua. Terdapat hubungan jenis pekerjaan (p=0,044) dengan persepsi vaksin booster COVID-19. Terdapat hubungan tempat tinggal responden (p=0,034), status pernah terinfeksi COVID-19 (p=0,045), dosis vaksin (p=0,000), dan jenis vaksin COVID-19 terakhir yang diberikan (p=0,000) dengan penerimaan vaksin booster pertama. Terdapat hubungan antara tempat tinggal responden(p=0,016) dan dosis vaksin terakhir (p=0,000) dengan penerimaan vaksin booster kedua. Terdapat hubungan persepsi dengan penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 baik booster pertama (p=0,002) maupun booster kedua (p=0,000). Faktor terbanyak yang menyebabkan penerimaan vaksin booster pertama dan kedua antara lain, perlindungan terhadap varian baru, memperpanjang perlindungan terhadap infeksi, himbauan dari pemerintah, dan agar sehat. Sedangkan untuk faktor terbanyak penolakan vaksin booster pertama dan kedua antara lain, tidak nyaman atau kurang waktu, khawatir efek samping yang mungkin timbul, kasus COVID-19 yang mengalami penurunan, dan belum menerima rekomendasi vaksin.

The COVID-19 booster vaccination is one of the government's efforts to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus, the implementation of which the government is trying to achieve both provincial and national targets. This study aims to determine the relationship between the characteristics of respondents to perception and acceptance, to determine the relationship between perception and acceptance, and to determine the factors of acceptance and rejection of the COVID-19 booster vaccine in the Province of DIY. This research is a quantitative study and was carried out in a cross-sectional method. The data was collected through online questionnaires with Google forms. The inclusion criteria are as follows; living in the Province of DIY, being � 18 years old, and having the COVID-19 vaccine at least the first dose. The sample consisted of 203 people. Data were analyzed descriptively by connecting the characteristics, perceptions, and acceptance of the COVID-19 booster vaccine with the SPSS chi-square. The results showed that 53,2% of the people of DIY Province had a positive perception, 96,1% are willing to receive the first booster vaccine, and 84,7% are willing to receive the second booster vaccine. There is a relationship between the type of work (p=0,044) with perceptions of the COVID-19 booster vaccine. There is a relationship between the respondent's place of residence (p=0,034), the status of having been infected with COVID-19 (p=0,045), vaccine dose (p=0,000), and the last type of COVID-19 vaccine given (p=0,000) to receiving the first booster vaccine. There is a relationship between the respondent's place of residence (p=0,016) and the last vaccine dose (p=0,000) with receiving the second booster vaccine. There is a relationship between perception and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, both in the first booster (p=0,002) and the second booster (p=0,000). The most factors that led to receiving the first and second booster vaccines included protection against new variants, extending protection against infection, calls from the government, and staying healthy. The most common factors for rejection of the first and second booster vaccines are an inconvenience or lack of time, worry about possible side effects, decreased cases of COVID-19, and not yet receiving a vaccine recommendation.

Kata Kunci : COVID-19, Vaksin Booster COVID-19, persepsi, penerimaan