INTERAKSI OBAT PADA PENGOBATAN PASIEN COVID-19 DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RSUD DR. SOEDIRMAN KEBUMEN

LAILA AZIZAH, Dr. apt. Fita Rahmawati, Sp.FRS

2022 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) merupakan suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pengobatan pada pasien COVID-19 seringkali memerlukan lebih dari dua macam obat. Penggunaan dua obat atau lebih dapat berpotensi menyebabkan terjadinya interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian, derajat keparahan, mekanisme, dan manajemen interaksi obat yang potensial terjadi pada pengobatan pasien COVID-19 di instalasi rawat inap RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen. Desain penelitian ini yaitu cross sectional dan pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dari data rekam medis pasien. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan populasi penelitian yaitu data rekam medis pasien COVID-19 rawat inap di RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen pada periode Juli 2021 - September 2021 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kejadian interaksi dianalisis menggunakan drug interaction checker pada laman drugs.com dan covid19-druginteractions.org serta pustaka Drug Interaction Facts. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Terdapat 96 pasien dievaluasi dan sebanyak 89 pasien terjadi interaksi obat potensial (92,7%) dengan angka kejadian sebesar 496 interaksi. Interaksi yang paling banyak terjadi yaitu interaksi obat potensial antara deksametason dan levofloksasin dengan jumlah 36 kejadian (7,3%). Derajat keparahan interaksi yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu moderate dengan 322 interaksi (64,9%) dan mekanisme interaksi terbanyak adalah farmakodinamik sebanyak 308 interaksi (62,1%). Manajemen interaksi yang sering ditemukan yaitu manajemen interaksi obat potensial antara deksametason dan levofloksasin dengan cara menghentikan penggunaan antibiotik fluoroquinolon dan memonitor rasa nyeri, bengkak atau radang tendon.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Treatment for COVID-19 patients often requires more than two drugs. The use of two or more drugs is likely to cause drug interactions. This study aims to determine the incidence, severity, mechanism, and management of potential drug interactions in the treatment of COVID-19 patients in the inpatient installation of RSUD Dr. Sudirman Kebumen. The design of this study was a cross sectional and data collection was carried out retrospectively from the patient's medical record data. Sampling by purposive sampling with the research population was medical record data of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at RSUD Dr. Sudirman Kebumen in the period July 2021 - September 2021 who met the inclusion criteria. Interaction events were analyzed using a drug interaction checker on the drugs.com and covid19-druginteractions.org and the Drug Interaction Facts literature. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program. There were 96 patients and as many as 89 patients with potential drug interactions (92.7%) with an incidence of 496 interactions. The most common interactions were potential drug interactions between dexamethasone and levofloxacin with a total of 36 events (7.3%). The most frequent level of interaction severity was moderate with 322 interactions (64.9%) and the highest level of interaction was pharmacodynamics with 308 interactions (62.1%). Management of interactions that are often found are management of potential drug interactions between dexamethasone and levofloxacin by using fluoroquinolone antibiotics and monitoring for pain, swelling or inflammation of the tendons.

Kata Kunci : interaksi obat, COVID-19, rawat inap