PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI TPA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN LINGKUNGAN (Studi di TPA Pakusari, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur)

ULFAH PRIMURDIANI S, Ir. Agus Prasetya, M.Eng.Sc., Ph.D. ; Ir. Joko Waluyo, MT., Ph.D.

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER KETAHANAN NASIONAL

Keberadaan sampah plastik yang terus meningkat setiap tahun, tetapi bersifat susah terurai dan bertahan lama menjadikan berbagai negara di dunia memiliki permasalahan terhadap sampah plastik. Dikarenakan rasio sampah yang diproduksi oleh manusia sebanding laju pertumbuhan penduduk, maka masalah sampah menjadi masalah yang seakan tidak pernah dapat terselesaikan hingga tuntas. Ditambah lagi residu sampah plastik cenderung mendominasi TPA karena sulit untuk diolah. Kompleksitas daur ulang sampah residu menjadi kendala terbesar penanganansampah jenis ini, sehingga sering berakhir menjadi tumpukan di tempat pembuangan akhir. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai �¢ï¿½ï¿½Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Ketahanan Lingkungan (Studi di TPA Pakusari, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur)�¢ï¿½ï¿½ tujuan penelitian ini (1) Menganalisis penerapan dan faktorfaktor pendukung serta penghambat pada pengelolaan sampah plastik di TPA (tempat pemrosesan akhir) Pakusari Kabupaten Jember (2) Mengidentifikasi dampak pada pengelolaan sampah plastik di TPA (tempat pemrosesan akhir) Pakusari terhadap ketahanan lingkungan Kabupaten Jember.Pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berupa observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, dan penelusuran online. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis reflektif dan interpretasi data yang ditemukan di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (a) Faktor pendukung pengelolaan sampah plastik di TPA Pakusari antara lain; Keinginan mengurangi sampah plastik, Peran tokoh masyarakat, Kepedulian terhadap lingkungan, Nilai ekonomi, dan adanya Sumber daya manusia(SDM) yang mumpuni (b) Faktor penghambat pengelolaan sampah plastik di TPA Pakusari antara lain; permasalahan Finansial, Konsistensi, Kesadaran masyarakat, dan Ketidaktahuan masyarakat adanya pengelolaan sampah plastik di TPA Pakusari Pengelolaan sampah plastik di TPA Pakusari ini berdampak positif pada ketahanan lingkungan dengan indikator; (1) Kepedulian dalam perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan, (2) Kemandirian, keberdayaan masyarakat dan kemitraan, (3) Kemampuan dan kepeloporan masyarakat, (4) Ketanggapsegeraan masyarakat untuk melakukan pengawasan sosial, dan (5) Mengembangkan dan menjaga budaya dan kearifan lokal dalam rangka pelestarian fungsi lingkungan hidup. Pengelolaan sampah plastik ini turut berkontribusi dalam mengurangi sampah plastik dan berpotensi meningkatkan ketahanan lingkungan Kabupaten Jember serta memberikan keuntungan dan manfaat bagi masyarakat sekitar.

The existence of plastic waste which continued to increase every year, but it was difficult to decompose and lasts a long time made various countries in the world had problems with plastic waste. Because the ratio of waste produced by humans was proportional to the rate of population growth, the waste problem became a problem that seemed to never be completely resolved. In addition, plastic waste residue tended to dominate landfills because it was difficult to process. The complexity of recycling residual waste was the biggest obstacle to handling this type of waste, so that it often ended up in piles in landfills. This research discussed "Plastic Waste Management as an Effort to Increase Environmental Resilience (Study at TPA Pakusari, Jember, East Java)" the purpose of this study (1) To analyze the implementation and supporting factors as well as obstacles to the management of plastic waste at the TPA Pakusari (final processing site) in Jember (2) To identify the impact of plastic waste management at the TPA Pakusari on the environmental resilience of Jember. The implementation of this study used descriptive qualitative research methods. The technique of data collection in this study were observation, interviews, literature studies, and online searches. Data processing and analysis was carried out through reflective analysis and interpretation of data found in the field. The results of the study showed a) Supporting factors for the management of plastic waste at TPA Pakusari include; The desire to reduce plastic waste, the role of community leaders, concern for the environment, economic value, and the existence of qualified human resources (HR). b) The inhibiting factors for the management of plastic waste at the TPA Pakusari include; financial problems, consistency, public awareness, and public ignorance of plastic waste at TPA Pakusari. The management of plastic waste at the TPA Pakusari had a positive impact on environmental resilience with indicators; (1) Concerned for environmental protection and management, (2) Independence, community empowerment and partnerships, 3) Community capability and pioneering, (4) Community responsiveness to carry out social supervision, and (5) Developed and maintained culture and local wisdom in the framework of preserving environmental functions. This plastic waste management contributed to reducing plastic waste and had the potential to increase environmental resilience of Jember as well as provide advantages and benefits for the surrounding community.

Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan, Sampah, Sampah plastik, TPA, Ketahanan Lingkungan / Management, Waste, Plastic waste, TPA, Environmental resilience